Cognitive Conditions
Cognitive Conditions ( 5 Questions)
A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who is at risk for developing delirium due to a urinary tract infection.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
(Select all that apply.).
This is correct because antibiotics are the main treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can cause delirium in older adults. Antibiotics can help clear the infection and reduce the inflammation that affects the brain function.
This is incorrect because restricting fluids can worsen dehydration, which is a risk factor for delirium. Fluids help flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevent constipation, which can also contribute to delirium. Older adults should drink enough fluids to keep their urine clear or pale yellow.
This is correct because delirium causes confusion, anxiety, and reduced awareness of surroundings. Reorientation and reassurance can help the person feel more secure and calm, and reduce the risk of agitation or wandering. Reorientation can include reminding the person of their name, date, time, and place, and using familiar objects or pictures.
This is incorrect because restraints can increase the risk of delirium by causing physical discomfort, emotional distress, and sensory deprivation. Restraints can also lead to complications such as pressure ulcers, infections, or injuries from struggling. Restraints should only be used as a last resort when other measures have failed to ensure safety.
This is correct because family members can provide emotional support, comfort, and familiarity to the person with delirium. Family members can also help with communication, monitoring, and care coordination. Family involvement can reduce the duration and severity of delirium.
The correct answer is A, C, and E.
Here is why:.
A. Administer antibiotics as prescribed. This is correct because antibiotics are the main treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can cause delirium in older adults. Antibiotics can help clear the infection and reduce the inflammation that affects the brain function.
B. Restrict fluids to prevent fluid overload. This is incorrect because restricting fluids can worsen dehydration, which is a risk factor for delirium. Fluids help flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevent constipation, which can also contribute to delirium. Older adults should drink enough fluids to keep their urine clear or pale yellow.
C. Provide frequent reorientation and reassurance. This is correct because delirium causes confusion, anxiety, and reduced awareness of surroundings. Reorientation and reassurance can help the person feel more secure and calm, and reduce the risk of agitation or wandering. Reorientation can include reminding the person of their name, date, time, and place, and using familiar objects or pictures.
D. Use restraints to prevent injury or wandering. This is incorrect because restraints can increase the risk of delirium by causing physical discomfort, emotional distress, and sensory deprivation. Restraints can also lead to complications such as pressure ulcers, infections, or injuries from struggling. Restraints should only be used as a last resort when other measures have failed to ensure safety.
E. Encourage family members to stay with the client. This is correct because family members can provide emotional support, comfort, and familiarity to the person with delirium. Family members can also help with communication, monitoring, and care coordination. Family involvement can reduce the duration and severity of delirium.
References:.
: Delirium - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic.
: Urinary Tract Infection Induced Delirium in Elderly Patients: A Systematic Review - PMC Journal List.
: Urinary tract infections and dementia | Alzheimer’s Society.
: What is Delirium and its causes and related conditions?.