The correct answer is choice C. Palpate the fundus for firmness. This is because an unpleasant odor of lochia (postpartum vaginal discharge) can indicate an infection or retained placental fragments in the uterus. Palpating the fundus can help assess the uterine involution and detect any abnormalities.

Choice A is wrong because documenting the finding is not enough to address the potential problem. The nurse should also notify the provider and take further actions as ordered.

Choice B is wrong because encouraging the woman to empty her bladder regularly is not related to the odor of lochia. It is a general measure to prevent urinary tract infections and promote uterine contraction.

Choice D is wrong because administering oxytocics as prescribed is not a nursing action for lochia with an unpleasant odor. Oxytocics are drugs that stimulate uterine contractions and are used to prevent or treat postpartum hemorrhage.

They do not affect the infection or retention of placental fragments.

Normal ranges for lochia are:

• Lochia rubra: dark or bright red blood, lasts for 3 to 4 days, flows like a heavy period, small clots are normal.

• Lochia serosa: pinkish brown discharge, lasts for 4 to 12 days, thinner and more watery than lochia rubra, moderate flow, less or no clots.

• Lochia alba: yellowish white discharge, lasts from 12 days to 6 weeks, light flow or spotting, no clots.

Lochia should have a stale, musty or metallic odor like menstrual blood. It should not smell fishy or foul, which can indicate an infection.