Preoperative Phase
Preoperative Phase ( 5 Questions)
A nurse is preparing a client for surgery and needs to obtain some blood samples for diagnostic tests. Which of the following tests are commonly done before surgery? (Select all that apply.)
Hemoglobin and hematocrit are blood tests that measure the amount of red blood cells in the blood. These tests are commonly done before surgery to check for anemia, which is a low level of red blood cells. Anemia can increase the risk of bleeding and infection during and after surgery.
Blood glucose is a blood test that measures the amount of sugar in the blood. This test is commonly done before surgery to check for diabetes, which is a high level of sugar in the blood. Diabetes can affect wound healing and increase the risk of infection and complications during and after surgery.
Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are blood tests that measure the function of the kidneys. These tests are commonly done before surgery to check for kidney disease, which is a low function of the kidneys. Kidney disease can affect the metabolism and elimination of drugs used during and after surgery, and increase the risk of fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Thyroid stimulating hormone is a blood test that measures the function of the thyroid gland. This test is not commonly done before surgery unless there is a specific indication, such as a history of thyroid disease or symptoms of thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid disease can affect the heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature regulation during and after surgery.
Prothrombin time and international normalized ratio are blood tests that measure the clotting ability of the blood. These tests are commonly done before surgery to check for bleeding disorders, such as hemophilia or liver disease, or to monitor the effect of anticoagulant drugs, such as warfarin or heparin. Bleeding disorders and anticoagulant drugs can increase the risk of bleeding and hematoma formation during and after surgery.
Choice A reason:
Hemoglobin and hematocrit are blood tests that measure the amount of red blood cells in the blood. These tests are commonly done before surgery to check for anemia, which is a low level of red blood cells. Anemia can increase the risk of bleeding and infection during and after surgery.
Choice B reason:
Blood glucose is a blood test that measures the amount of sugar in the blood. This test is commonly done before surgery to check for diabetes, which is a high level of sugar in the blood. Diabetes can affect wound healing and increase the risk of infection and complications during and after surgery.
Choice C reason:
Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are blood tests that measure the function of the kidneys. These tests are commonly done before surgery to check for kidney disease, which is a low function of the kidneys. Kidney disease can affect the metabolism and elimination of drugs used during and after surgery, and increase the risk of fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Choice D reason:
Thyroid stimulating hormone is a blood test that measures the function of the thyroid gland. This test is not commonly done before surgery unless there is a specific indication, such as a history of thyroid disease or symptoms of thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid disease can affect the heart rate, blood pressure, and temperature regulation during and after surgery.
Choice E reason:
Prothrombin time and international normalized ratio are blood tests that measure the clotting ability of the blood. These tests are commonly done before surgery to check for bleeding disorders, such as hemophilia or liver disease, or to monitor the effect of anticoagulant drugs, such as warfarin or heparin. Bleeding disorders and anticoagulant drugs can increase the risk of bleeding and hematoma formation during and after surgery.