Ask the family if they want to participate in a postmortem care

Asking the family if they want to participate in post-mortem care is an important step to involve them in the process and respect their wishes. Some families may prefer to have healthcare professionals handle the post-mortem care, while others may want to participate in certain aspects. It is crucial to communicate and collaborate with the family to ensure their preferences are respected.

Lying the head of the client's bed flat in (option) may not be necessary or appropriate during the preparation for a post-mortem family viewing. The bed position should be adjusted according to the family's and client's comfort and cultural practices, but it does not need to be flat specifically for post-mortem care.

Placing medical equipment to the side of the client's bed in (option C) is not directly related to the preparation for a post-mortem family viewing. However, it is important to ensure a respectful and organized environment during the viewing, so any unnecessary medical equipment or supplies should be removed from the immediate vicinity of the client's bed.

Removing the client's dentures to close their mouth in (option D) is not a necessary action for post-mortem care. The mouth can be gently closed without removing dentures, unless there are specific cultural or family preferences regarding the dentures.

In summary, when preparing a client's body for a post-mortem family viewing, the nurse should ask the family if they want to participate in post-mortem care and respect their wishes. Other actions, such as adjusting the bed position and removing unnecessary medical equipment, may also be appropriate to create a respectful and organized environment for the family during the viewing. However, removing the client's dentures to close their mouth is not a necessary step unless specifically requested or required.

Isolate children who have varicella until the vesicles have formed crusts.

Isolating children who have varicella, also known as chickenpox, until the vesicles (blisters) have formed crusts is an important infection control measure. Varicella is highly contagious, and the fluid-filled vesicles can easily spread the virus to others. Keeping the child isolated until the vesicles have crusted over helps prevent the spread of the disease.

Children who have erythema infectious, commonly known as fifth disease in (option A) is incorrect because they, do not require short-term antibiotic therapy. Fifth disease is a viral infection caused by parvovirus B19 and is usually a self-limiting condition that resolves on its own without specific treatment.

Administration of childhood immunizations, such as the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine in (option C) is incorrect because it, does not prevent exanthem subitem, also known as roseola infantum. Roseola infantum is usually a mild viral illness that primarily affects infants and young children. It is caused by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) or human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) and is characterized by high fever followed by a rash.

Restricting fluids for children who have pertussis (whooping cough) in (option D) is not appropriate. In fact, it is important to encourage adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration, especially in children who may have difficulty eating or drinking due to persistent coughing spells. Pertussis is a bacterial infection, and treatment typically involves antibiotics and supportive care.

Soiled linens are placed on the floor.

Soiled linens placed on the floor can potentially harbor pathogens and serve as a source of infection. It is important to handle soiled linens properly by placing them in designated containers or bags for proper disposal or laundering.

Dampened cloths used for dusting the area in (option B) is incorrect because it may be a source of infection if they are not properly cleaned and disinfected between uses. It is important to use clean and dry cloths for dusting, or if dampened cloths are used, they should be washed and disinfected regularly.

Uncapped sharps put in a puncture-resistant container in (option C) is incorrect because are not a direct source of infection. However, it is crucial to handle sharps safely to prevent accidental needlestick injuries and potential transmission of bloodborne pathogens. Proper disposal of sharps in puncture-resistant containers is important for safety and infection control.

Waste containers lined with single bags in (option D) is incorrect because they are not a direct source of infection. Using single bags in waste containers helps with proper disposal and prevents leakage or spillage of waste materials. It is important to handle and dispose of waste according to institutional policies and infection control guidelines.

In summary, when caring for an immunocompromised client, the nurse should be vigilant about sources of infection. Placing soiled linens on the floor can be a potential source of infection and should be avoided. Proper handling of sharps, using clean cloths for dusting, and following appropriate waste disposal practices are also important for infection control.

Fever.

Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. The characteristic symptoms of pertussis include paroxysmal (severe and uncontrollable) coughing fits, followed by a "whooping" sound during inhalation as the child tries to catch their breath. However, specific manifestations may vary depending on the stage of the illness.

Fever is a common manifestation of pertussis. The child may have an elevated body temperature as a response to the infection. The fever is typically low-grade but can occasionally be higher.

Koplik spots in (option B) is incorrect because they are small white or bluish-grey spots with a red halo that appear on the inside of the cheeks. However, Koplik spots are characteristic of measles (rubeola) and not pertussis.

Facial erythema, or redness of the face, in (option C) is incorrect because it is not a typical manifestation of pertussis. Facial redness may be seen in other conditions such as fever, allergic reactions, or certain skin conditions.

A beefy, red tongue Is in (option D) is incorrect because it is not associated with pertussis. This description is more commonly associated with other conditions such as vitamin B12 deficiency or certain types of oral infections.

Apeer-reviewed journal article is a scholarly publication where experts in the field have critically evaluated and reviewed the research before publication. It provides information based on evidence from scientific studies and research conducted by experts. Journal articles are usually considered reliable sources of evidence-based information.

Information from a wound care product vendor in (option B) is incorrect because it may be biased and primarily intended for marketing purposes. While vendors may provide some useful information about their products, it is essential to verify their claims through independent research and evidence from credible sources.

First-hand experience with wound care products in (option C) is incorrect because it can be valuable in practical settings, but it may not always be evidence-based. Personal experiences might not have undergone rigorous research and validation, so relying solely on personal experience may not always lead to the best outcomes.

An entry on a nursing blog addressing wound healing in (option D) is incorrect because it may contain valuable insights, but it may not always be based on evidence from rigorous scientific research. Blogs can vary widely in the quality of information they provide, and not all blog authors are experts in the field.

In summary, for an in-service on updates in wound care, the nurse should primarily rely on evidence-based information from peer-reviewed journal articles. These articles are more likely to provide reliable and current knowledge based on scientific research and expert evaluation.

Tell the APS to stop the conversation.

Respecting and maintaining client confidentiality are an essential ethical and legal responsibility for healthcare professionals. When a nurse overhears APs discussing a client's information inappropriately, it is important to intervene and address the situation to protect the client's privacy. Option C, telling the APs to stop the conversation, is the appropriate initial action to take.

informing the client of the APs' actions in (option A), may not be necessary or appropriate unless the client's participation or consent is required due to the nature of the conversation or potential harm caused.

submitting an incident report to the risk manager in (option B), might be considered if the incident is significant or if the inappropriate conversation continues despite intervention. Incident reports are often used to document and address any potential breaches of client confidentiality.

documenting the event in the client's progress notes in (option D), may not be the primary action to take in this situation. While documentation of the incident may be necessary, addressing and stopping the inappropriate conversation should be the immediate priority.

In summary, when a nurse overhears APs discussing a client, the nurse should first intervene and tell the APs to stop the conversation to protect the client's confidentiality and privacy. Further actions, such as submitting an incident report or documenting the event, may be appropriate depending on the severity and ongoing nature of the situation.

Take the prescribed antibiotic until manifestations are gone. UTIs are typically caused by bacteria, and antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment. It is crucial for the client to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve before finishing the medication. This helps ensure complete eradication of the infection and reduces the risk of recurrence.

drinking orange juice daily for 3 to 4 weeks in (option A), is not necessary for treating a UTI. While it is generally beneficial to maintain good hydration and consume a balanced diet, specifically drinking orange juice is not essential for UTI treatment.

restricting fluid intake to 1 L per day in (option C), is not recommended for UTI management. Adequate hydration is important in promoting urinary tract health and flushing out bacteria.

Restricting fluid intake can lead to concentrated urine and may hinder the body's ability to eliminate the infection.

wearing cotton underwear, is a helpful instruction in (option D). Cotton underwear allows for better airflow and reduces moisture, which can help prevent the growth of bacteria and reduce the risk of UTIs. However, it is not the most important instruction among the options provided.

A client is newly admitted and requires an admission assessment.

An LPN typically has the knowledge and skills to provide care to stable clients with predictable outcomes and can assist with health education and teaching. A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus requiring teaching about meal planning can be handled by the LPN, as they can provide basic education on meal planning and dietary considerations.

(Option A) is incorrect because it may have complex pain management needs and require close monitoring of respiratory status, while a client with a urinary output of 30 mL in the past hour

(Option B) is incorrect because it may be experiencing acute kidney injury or other urinary issues that necessitate prompt intervention and monitoring, which are typically within the scope of a registered nurse (RN).

Option C, a newly admitted client requiring an admission assessment, should also be assigned to an RN, as this involves a comprehensive assessment that may require identifying potential risks and initiating appropriate interventions.

In summary, the LPN should be assigned to the client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and is awaiting teaching about meal planning, as this task is well within the LPN's scope of practice and does not involve complex or unstable conditions. More complex or unstable clients should be assigned to an RN.

Colostrum provides many important antibodies that the newborn lacks.

Colostrum is the thick, yellowish fluid produced by the breasts during the early days after giving birth. It is rich in antibodies, immune factors, and other beneficial components that provide important protection and support for the newborn's health. Colostrum is often referred to as "liquid gold" due to its valuable properties. Antibodies present in colostrum help to strengthen the newborn's immune system and provide protection against various infections and diseases.

These antibodies are especially important during the first few days of life when the newborn's own immune system is still developing.

Option B is incorrect because colostrum does not contain a significant amount of iron. Iron is generally obtained from other sources, such as breast milk or iron-fortified formula, to support the newborn's brain development.

Option C is incorrect because although colostrum contains various essential nutrients, it does not provide a significant amount of vitamin K. Vitamin K is typically given to newborns as a separate supplement to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding.

Option D is incorrect because colostrum does not act as a diuretic. Its primary role is to provide the newborn with essential nutrients, antibodies, and immune factors to support their overall health and development.

In summary, colostrum is important for the newborn because it provides valuable antibodies that the newborn lacks, helping to strengthen their immune system and protect against infections and diseases.

Crackles heard in the lungs.

Fluid overload occurs when there is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the body, and it can occur in clients receiving enteral tube feedings. Crackles heard in the lungs, also known as rales, are abnormal lung sounds that can indicate the presence of fluid in the lungs. These crackling sounds occur when there is an excess of fluid in the alveoli or when air passes through fluid- filled airways. Crackles can be heard during auscultation of the lungs using a stethoscope and are a significant sign of fluid overload.

decreased skin turgor in (option A) is incorrect because it, is a sign of dehydration rather than fluid overload. Decreased skin turgor occurs when the skin lacks elasticity and is often seen in clients who are dehydrated.

weight loss in (option C) is incorrect because it, is not typically associated with fluid overload. Fluid overload usually results in weight gain or fluid retention rather than weight loss.

decreased blood pressure in (option D) is incorrect because it, is more commonly associated with hypovolemia or fluid deficit rather than fluid overload. In fluid overload, blood pressure may be elevated due to increased fluid volume.

In summary, crackles heard in the lungs are a manifestation of fluid overload and can be a significant sign for the nurse to assess and address in a client receiving enteral tube feedings.