Choice A rationale:

Elder abuse is not primarily about harm caused by an older person to a younger family member. Instead, it revolves around mistreatment of older individuals.

Choice B rationale:

While physical harm can be a form of elder abuse, it is not the only type. Elder abuse encompasses various forms, including emotional, financial, and neglectful mistreatment.

Choice C rationale:

Elder abuse isn't limited to harm caused by intimate partners. It can involve various relationships, including family members, caregivers, and other individuals.

Choice D rationale:

This is the correct choice. Elder abuse often involves financial exploitation, where individuals in positions of trust take advantage of older persons' assets or funds. This can include improper use of funds, fraud, and manipulation of finances.

Choice A rationale:

Low socioeconomic status can contribute to stress and frustration, increasing the likelihood of abusive behavior. Financial struggles may exacerbate tensions in relationships.

Choice B rationale:

A history of trauma or abuse can perpetuate a cycle of violence. Individuals who have experienced trauma may struggle with coping mechanisms and interpersonal relationships, potentially leading to abusive behavior.

Choice C rationale:

Poor communication skills can lead to misunderstandings, frustration, and escalation of conflicts, which can contribute to abusive interactions.

Choice D rationale:

Unemployment, while a societal factor, is not typically classified as an individual factor contributing to abuse and violence. It's more related to economic stress.

Choice E rationale:

Lack of access to education can limit individuals' ability to understand healthy relationship dynamics and conflict resolution, potentially contributing to abusive behavior.

Choice A rationale:

Dismissing the client's feelings by saying "you shouldn't feel that way" invalidates their emotions and does not provide the needed support.

Choice B rationale:

Minimizing the client's feelings by suggesting that they will "get over it" can further isolate them and hinder their ability to express their emotions.

Choice C rationale:

This is the correct choice. Validating the client's feelings and offering support is crucial. Acknowledging their emotions and assuring them of available support promotes a therapeutic relationship.

Choice D rationale:

Invalidating the client's feelings and implying they are exaggerating can worsen their emotional state and discourage them from seeking help.

Choice A rationale:

Choice A suggests blaming the victim by implying that they should have been more cautious, which is not a therapeutic response. Victims of sexual assault should not be made to feel responsible for the actions of the perpetrator.

Choice B rationale:

Choice B advises the victim to move forward and not dwell on the past, which might minimize the emotional impact of the assault. While moving forward is important, it is equally important to acknowledge the victim's feelings and provide support.

Choice C rationale:

Choice C is the correct therapeutic response. It reassures the victim that the assault was not their fault and emphasizes that nobody deserves to be assaulted. This response promotes healing, self-worth, and reduces feelings of self-blame.

Choice D rationale:

Choice D dismisses the victim's feelings by suggesting not to think about the assault. Avoiding discussing the issue can hinder the victim's recovery process and prevent them from addressing their emotions.

Choice A rationale:

Child abuse involves violence directed at minors within families or guardianships. It doesn't necessarily involve unrelated individuals in public or private spaces.

Choice B rationale:

Intimate partner violence refers to abuse within romantic relationships, which may occur in private spaces but isn't limited to unrelated individuals.

Choice C rationale:

Elder abuse pertains to violence against the elderly, typically within caregiving relationships, and doesn't focus on unrelated individuals in public spaces.

Choice D rationale:

Choice D is the correct answer. Community violence encompasses interpersonal acts occurring between unrelated individuals in public or private settings. This includes incidents like street violence, muggings, and other forms of random violence.

Choice A rationale:

Bipolar disorder involves mood swings between manic and depressive states, but it's not directly associated with the aftermath of abuse and violence.

Choice B rationale:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors, but it's not a primary psychological disorder associated with abuse and violence aftermath.

Choice C rationale:

Schizophrenia involves disorganized thinking, hallucinations, and delusions, but it's not typically linked to the aftermath of abuse or violence.

Choice D rationale:

Choice D is the correct answer. PTSD commonly arises after exposure to traumatic events, such as abuse and violence. It leads to symptoms like flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, and emotional numbing, often impacting the victim's mental and emotional well-being.

Choice A rationale:

Confronting the parents about potential abuse might escalate the situation and put the child at further risk. The nurse's priority is ensuring the child's safety, and confronting the parents directly without proper evidence or professional intervention could lead to unintended consequences.

Choice B rationale:

While documenting the findings and informing the school counselor is an important step, it should not be the initial action. The nurse's primary responsibility is to protect the child's welfare, and informing the school counselor alone might not ensure immediate intervention.

Choice C rationale:

Waiting for the parents to mention the injuries is not appropriate because it delays necessary intervention. If the child is indeed being abused, waiting for the parents to mention the injuries could prolong the child's suffering and jeopardize their safety.

Choice D rationale:

Notifying Child Protective Services (CPS) immediately is the correct initial action. When a child exhibits unexplained injuries along with a history of frequent absences from school, it raises concerns for potential abuse or neglect. CPS has the authority and expertise to conduct thorough investigations and take appropriate actions to ensure the child's safety.

Choice A rationale:

Encouraging social isolation is not a strategy for elder abuse prevention. Isolating older adults can actually increase their vulnerability to abuse, as they may lose contact with people who could offer help and support.

Choice B rationale:

Providing caregivers with stress management techniques is an effective strategy. Caregivers often experience high levels of stress, which can sometimes contribute to abusive behavior. Teaching them healthy ways to cope with stress can reduce the likelihood of abuse.

Choice C rationale:

Educating caregivers about financial exploitation risks is crucial. Elder financial abuse is a common form of mistreatment. By educating caregivers about the signs of financial exploitation and how to prevent it, older adults are less likely to be taken advantage of.

Choice D rationale:

Establishing regular communication between caregivers and older adults is important. Open communication channels allow caregivers to identify and address potential issues early on, reducing the risk of abuse or neglect.

Choice E rationale:

Promoting awareness about community resources for elder support is essential. Providing caregivers with information about available resources, such as support groups, helplines, and services, empowers them to seek help when needed and decreases the likelihood of abusive situations.

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