Answer: c. Providing frequent oral care to prevent dry mouth.

Explanation: NPPV devices, such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP), can cause dry mouth. Providing frequent oral care, such as mouth rinses and moisturizing agents, helps alleviate discomfort and prevent oral complications.

Incorrect choices: a. Assessing the client's oxygen saturation every 4 hours is not specific to NPPV therapy and does not address the unique nursing intervention required for this intervention.

b. Monitoring the client's respiratory rate every 15 minutes may not be necessary for all clients receiving NPPV therapy and should be based on the client's condition and healthcare provider's orders.

d. Administering oxygen at a flow rate of 1-2 L/min is not appropriate for NPPV therapy, which delivers a higher flow of pressurized air to support ventilation.

Answer: a. Dry nasal passages

Explanation: Prolonged use of a nasal cannula can lead to dryness and discomfort in the nasal passages due to the direct flow of oxygen. The nurse should provide humidification to prevent or alleviate dryness and nasal irritation.

Incorrect choices: b. Hypoventilation is not a common complication associated with the use of a nasal cannula, which is a low-flow oxygen delivery device.

c. Hyperoxygenation refers to an excessive supply of oxygen, which is not typically associated with nasal cannula use, as the flow rate is relatively low.

d. Increased risk of infection is not directly associated with nasal cannula use. However, proper infection control practices should be followed during oxygen therapy to minimize the risk of infection.

Answer: c. Placing padding between the mask and the client's skin.

Explanation: Placing padding between the oxygen mask and the client's skin helps distribute pressure and reduce the risk of pressure ulcers. It provides a cushioning effect and helps prevent direct contact between the mask and the skin.

Incorrect choices: a. Frequently adjusting the mask to relieve pressure may disrupt the proper fit and seal of the mask, leading to ineffective oxygen delivery.

b. Applying petroleum jelly to the areas of skin contact is not recommended as it may interfere with the mask's fit and compromise oxygen delivery.

d. Assessing the client's facial skin integrity regularly is important but does not directly address the prevention of pressure ulcers. Placing padding is a proactive measure to prevent skin breakdown.

Answer: a. Ensuring the reservoir bag remains inflated at all times.

Explanation: The nurse should ensure that the reservoir bag attached to the non-rebreather mask remains inflated at all times. The inflated bag provides a reservoir of oxygen and ensures a high concentration of oxygen is delivered to the client during inhalation.

Incorrect choices: b. Adjusting the oxygen flow rate based on the client's preference is not appropriate without healthcare provider orders. The flow rate should be prescribed based on the client's oxygen needs.

c. Checking the client's oxygen saturation every 2 hours may not be necessary for all clients receiving oxygen therapy via a non-rebreather mask. The frequency of oxygen saturation monitoring should be based on the client's condition and healthcare provider's orders.

d. Encouraging the client to remove the mask during meals is not recommended unless otherwise specified by the healthcare provider. Removing the mask during meals may compromise oxygen delivery and should be avoided.

Answer: b. Adjusting the oxygen flow rate as prescribed.

Explanation: The nurse should adjust the oxygen flow rate on the Venturi mask according to the prescribed percentage of inspired oxygen (FiO2). The specific flow rate and FiO2 will be specified in the healthcare provider's orders.

Incorrect choices: a. Monitoring the client's oxygen saturation continuously may not be necessary for all clients receiving oxygen therapy via a Venturi mask. The frequency of oxygen saturation monitoring should be based on the client's condition and healthcare provider's orders.

c. Assessing the client's lung sounds every shift is a general nursing assessment and may not be directly related to the use of a Venturi mask.

d. Placing the mask loosely over the client's face may compromise the delivery of the precise FiO2 and should be avoided. The mask should be properly secured to ensure accurate oxygen administration.