Hand hygiene should be performed before and after every patient contact or care activity to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.

Incorrect choices:

a. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after every patient contact or care activity, not limited to direct contact with bodily fluids.

b. Hand hygiene should be performed both before and after patient care tasks, not only after completing all tasks.

d. Hand hygiene should be performed regardless of visible dirt or contamination, as microorganisms may be present even if not visible.

The recommended duration for using an alcohol-based hand rub is approximately 15 seconds, ensuring all surfaces of the hands are thoroughly covered and rubbed until dry.

Incorrect choices:

a. 5 seconds is insufficient for proper hand hygiene using an alcohol-based hand rub.

c. 30 seconds and

d. 60 seconds are longer than necessary for using an alcohol-based hand rub and can lead to wastage of the product.

If alcohol-based hand rubs are not readily available, hand hygiene with soap and water can be used as an effective alternative.

Incorrect choices:

b. Hand hygiene with soap and water is equally effective as using hand rubs, as long as proper technique and sufficient duration are followed.

c. Hand hygiene with soap and water requires friction and rubbing to effectively remove microorganisms.

d. Hand hygiene with soap and water should be performed even if gloves were worn during patient care, as gloves may have microscopic defects or contamination.

Using a paper towel for drying hands and turning off the faucet is an appropriate method to maintain hand hygiene after the handwashing process.

Incorrect choices:

b. Shaking hands vigorously can increase the risk of cross-contamination and should be avoided.

c. Wiping hands on a disposable gown or apron can lead to contamination of the gown and should not be done.

d. Using a shared hand towel with other healthcare providers can promote the spread of microorganisms and is not recommended.