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Insulin therapy
Total Questions : 51
Showing 51 questions, Sign in for moreWhat is the primary purpose of insulin therapy?
Explanation
To regulate blood glucose levels. Insulin therapy is used to help individuals with diabetes regulate their blood glucose levels by supplementing or replacing the insulin their body is not producing or using effectively.
Incorrect choices:
a. Insulin therapy does not cure diabetes but helps manage blood glucose levels.
b. Insulin therapy can lead to weight gain in some individuals due to improved glucose utilization, but its primary purpose is to regulate blood glucose.
c. Insulin therapy aims to decrease blood glucose levels, not increase them.
Which type of diabetes typically requires insulin therapy?
Explanation
Insulin therapy is a critical component of treatment for individuals with type 1 diabetes, as their pancreas does not produce insulin.
Incorrect choices:
b. Type 2 diabetes may initially be managed with oral medications, diet, and exercise, and insulin therapy might be added later if other treatments are not effective.
c. Gestational diabetes usually involves dietary changes and monitoring blood glucose levels. Insulin therapy may be necessary in some cases, but it is not typically the first-line treatment.
d. Pre-diabetes indicates higher-than-normal blood glucose levels, but insulin therapy is not usually required at this stage.
How is insulin administered?
Explanation
Subcutaneously. Insulin is typically administered through subcutaneous injections, allowing it to be absorbed into the bloodstream from fatty tissue under the skin.
Incorrect choices:
a. Insulin is a protein and would be broken down in the digestive system if taken orally.
b. Intravenous administration is not commonly used for insulin therapy due to the rapid onset of action and risk of hypoglycemia.
d. Intramuscular administration is not common for insulin therapy because absorption may be unpredictable and could lead to variability in blood glucose control.
What is the purpose of insulin therapy in diabetes management?
Explanation
The correct answer is d. To replace or supplement insulin in the body. Insulin therapy aims to provide the body with the insulin it needs when the natural production is insufficient.
Incorrect choices:
a. Insulin therapy does not stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin; it directly provides insulin from an external source.
b. Insulin therapy does not target insulin resistance in muscle cells but provides the missing insulin.
c. Insulin therapy does not aim to increase glucose production by the liver; instead, it helps regulate glucose utilization and storage.
Which individuals are candidates for insulin therapy?
Explanation
Those with type 1 diabetes and some with type 2 diabetes. Individuals with type 1 diabetes require insulin therapy, and some individuals with type 2 diabetes may need insulin if other treatments are not effective.
Incorrect choices:
a. Individuals with normal blood glucose levels do not require insulin therapy.
b. Allergies to insulin are extremely rare, and insulin therapy can still be considered after careful evaluation.
d. Insulin therapy may be considered for gestational diabetes if blood glucose levels are not well-controlled with diet and exercise, but it is not the first-line treatment.
Which type of insulin has the fastest onset of action?
Explanation
Rapid-acting insulin has a rapid onset of action, typically within 15 minutes, making it suitable for controlling post-meal blood glucose spikes.
Incorrect choices:
b. Short-acting insulin has a slightly slower onset than rapid-acting insulin.
c. Intermediate-acting insulin has a slower onset and a longer duration of action than rapid-acting insulin.
d. Long-acting insulin has a slow and steady onset of action over a longer period compared to rapid-acting insulin.
Which type of insulin is also known as "basal insulin"?
Explanation
Long-acting insulin provides a steady baseline level of insulin, mimicking the body's basal insulin secretion.
Incorrect choices:
a. Rapid-acting insulin is used to control post-meal glucose spikes.
b. Short-acting insulin is used to cover mealtime glucose elevations.
c. Intermediate-acting insulin provides coverage beyond mealtime but does not mimic basal insulin as closely as long-acting insulin.
Which type of insulin is commonly used in insulin pumps?
Explanation
Rapid-acting insulin is often used in insulin pumps due to its fast onset of action and short duration, allowing for precise control of basal and bolus insulin needs.
Incorrect choices:
b. Short-acting insulin can also be used in insulin pumps but may not provide as flexible dosing options as rapid-acting insulin.
c. Intermediate-acting insulin has a longer duration and may not be ideal for the dynamic dosing required in insulin pumps.
d. Long-acting insulin's slow onset and steady release make it less suitable for insulin pump therapy.
Which type of insulin is cloudy in appearance?
Explanation
Intermediate-acting insulin appears cloudy due to its composition and requires proper mixing before administration.
Incorrect choices:
a. Rapid-acting insulin is clear in appearance.
b. Short-acting insulin is clear in appearance.
d. Long-acting insulin is clear in appearance.
Which type of insulin can be used to cover meals and snacks?
Explanation
Rapid-acting insulin is used to control post-meal blood glucose elevations and can be taken to cover meals and snacks.
Incorrect choices:
b. Short-acting insulin can also cover meals and snacks, but it may not be as rapid-acting as the name suggests.
c. Intermediate-acting insulin provides coverage beyond mealtime and is not specifically designed for mealtime glucose control.
d. Long-acting insulin provides a steady baseline and is not intended for mealtime coverage.
Which insulin administration route has the slowest onset of action?
Explanation
Subcutaneous injection has a slower onset of action compared to IV infusion and is the most common route for insulin administration.
Incorrect choices:
a. IM injection is not a common route for insulin administration and has a slower onset than subcutaneous injection.
c. IV infusion provides a rapid onset of action, making it inappropriate for routine insulin administration.
d. Inhalation is not a typical route for insulin administration. It is used for specific types of medications, not insulin.
What is the recommended technique for insulin injection?
Explanation
Pinch the skin and insert the needle at a 45-degree angle. This technique helps ensure proper subcutaneous injection and absorption of insulin.
Incorrect choices:
a. Inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle may result in intramuscular injection, leading to rapid absorption and potential hypoglycemia.
c. Inserting the needle at a 30-degree angle may result in shallow injection and inadequate insulin absorption.
d. Pressing the needle against the skin and releasing quickly may result in the medication leaking out of the injection site.
Which site is commonly used for insulin injection in children?
Explanation
The abdomen is a common site for insulin injection in children due to its larger subcutaneous tissue area and ease of access.
Incorrect choices:
a. The upper arm is not typically recommended for insulin injection due to limited subcutaneous tissue and potential discomfort.
c. The thigh is also a suitable site for insulin injection, but the abdomen is often preferred in children.
d. The buttock is not commonly used for insulin injection due to difficulties in self-administration and limited visibility.
How should insulin vials be stored?
Explanation
Store insulin vials at room temperature away from direct sunlight. Refrigeration is generally not necessary for most insulin types when in use, and freezing or exposure to high temperatures can damage insulin.
Incorrect choices:
a. Freezing insulin can alter its efficacy and should be avoided.
c. Insulin stored in the refrigerator should not be warmed before injection, as this can lead to temperature-related degradation.
d. Storing insulin in a hot environment can lead to degradation and loss of effectiveness.
When drawing up insulin from two different vials (e.g., rapid-acting and intermediate-acting insulin), which type of insulin should be drawn up first?
Explanation
Drawing up rapid-acting insulin before intermediate-acting insulin prevents contamination of the rapid-acting insulin vial with the longer-acting insulin.
Incorrect choices:
b. Drawing up intermediate-acting insulin first can contaminate the vial with rapid-acting insulin, potentially altering dosing accuracy.
c. The order in which insulin is drawn up does matter to prevent contamination.
d. Regular insulin is not commonly used for injection in routine insulin therapy.
A client with type 2 diabetes is prescribed insulin therapy. Which of the following statements is correct regarding basal insulin dosing?
Explanation
Basal insulin is typically administered once or twice daily to mimic the body's basal insulin secretion and maintain stable blood glucose levels between meals and overnight.
Incorrect choices:
a. Basal insulin is not administered before meals; it is intended to regulate fasting glucose levels.
b. Basal insulin does not cover carbohydrates consumed in meals; it targets basal glucose levels.
c. Rapid-acting insulin is not synonymous with basal insulin; they serve different purposes in insulin therapy.
A client is transitioning from an insulin pump to multiple daily injections. Which of the following statements about mealtime insulin dosing is accurate?
Explanation
Mealtime insulin is rapid-acting or short-acting insulin administered before or after meals to control postprandial glucose levels.
Incorrect choices:
a. Mealtime insulin is usually administered multiple times a day, not as a single daily injection.
b. Mealtime insulin is not typically a long-acting insulin; it is rapid-acting or short-acting insulin.
d. Mealtime insulin is administered before or after each meal, not only for the evening meal.
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administering insulin. The client asks, "Where is the best site to inject insulin?" Which response is correct?
Explanation
Rotating injection sites within the same anatomical area (e.g., abdomen, thigh) helps prevent lipohypertrophy and ensures consistent insulin absorption.
Incorrect choices:
a. Injecting into the same site each time can lead to lipohypertrophy and uneven insulin absorption.
c. While the abdomen is a common injection site, rotating within the same area is essential to prevent tissue damage.
d. Insulin absorption rates are similar across different anatomical sites, so there is no "fastest" absorption site.
A client is prescribed insulin therapy and is experiencing hypoglycemia. The nurse prepares to administer glucagon. How should the nurse explain the dosing of glucagon?
Explanation
Glucagon is administered as an injection, usually subcutaneously or intramuscularly, to rapidly raise blood glucose levels during severe hypoglycemia.
Incorrect choices:
a. Glucagon is administered differently from insulin injections and is intended for emergency use during severe hypoglycemia.
b. Glucagon is not available in oral tablet form due to its protein nature, which would be broken down in the digestive system.
d. Glucagon is not typically administered intravenously but rather through subcutaneous or intramuscular injection for rapid action.
A client with type 1 diabetes is prescribed an insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio (ICR) of 1:10. How should the nurse explain this dosing to the client?
Explanation
An insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio (ICR) of 1:10 means that for every 1 unit of insulin, the client should consume 10 grams of carbohydrates to help manage postprandial glucose levels.
Incorrect choices:
b. Injecting 10 units of insulin for every 1 gram of carbohydrates would result in excessive insulin dosing and potential hypoglycemia.
c. Consuming 10 units of insulin for every 1 unit of carbohydrates would lead to excessive insulin administration and hypoglycemia.
d. Injecting 1 unit of insulin for every 10 grams of carbohydrates would result in insufficient insulin dosing and potentially high blood glucose levels.
A client with type 2 diabetes has been on insulin therapy for several months. The client reports frequent episodes of hypoglycemia. Which action by the nurse is appropriate for monitoring and adjusting insulin therapy?
Explanation
Frequent hypoglycemic episodes indicate the need for a possible adjustment in insulin therapy. The nurse should work with the healthcare provider to modify the insulin regimen to better match the client's needs.
Incorrect choices:
a. Increasing the insulin dose without healthcare provider guidance may lead to further hypoglycemia and potential harm.
b. Consuming more carbohydrates may provide temporary relief from hypoglycemia but does not address the underlying insulin dosing issue.
d. Skipping meals can lead to unstable blood glucose levels and is not a recommended approach to managing insulin therapy.
A client on insulin therapy has been consistently experiencing elevated fasting blood glucose levels. What should the nurse do to monitor and adjust the client's insulin regimen?
Explanation
Fasting hyperglycemia suggests insufficient basal insulin coverage. Adjusting the basal insulin dose can help stabilize fasting blood glucose levels.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering rapid-acting insulin after meals targets postprandial glucose levels, not fasting hyperglycemia.
c. Skipping meals is not a recommended approach and may lead to further blood glucose imbalances.
d. Decreasing insulin doses may worsen hyperglycemia and is not appropriate without healthcare provider guidance.
A client with type 1 diabetes is experiencing variability in blood glucose levels throughout the day. What should the nurse teach the client about monitoring and adjusting insulin therapy?
Explanation
Monitoring blood glucose levels regularly and adjusting insulin doses based on patterns and carbohydrate intake helps maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering the same insulin dose regardless of carbohydrate content can lead to inconsistent blood glucose control.
b. Monitoring blood glucose levels only once daily does not provide enough information for effective insulin dosing adjustments.
d. The described approach involves using insulin types inappropriately for their intended purposes.
A client on insulin therapy is planning to engage in increased physical activity. How should the nurse advise the client about monitoring and adjusting insulin therapy?
Explanation
Increased physical activity can affect blood glucose levels, and the client should monitor levels more frequently and adjust insulin doses to maintain glucose control.
Incorrect choices:
a. Decreasing insulin doses without proper monitoring can lead to hypoglycemia during or after physical activity.
b. Skipping insulin doses can result in elevated blood glucose levels and is not recommended.
d. Administering extra insulin doses without monitoring blood glucose levels can lead to unpredictable outcomes and potential harm.
A client with diabetes is scheduled for surgery and will be fasting before the procedure. How should the nurse instruct the client about monitoring and adjusting insulin therapy on the day of surgery?
Explanation
Continue with the regular insulin regimen as usual. It is important for the client to maintain blood glucose control even on the day of surgery. The nurse should advise the client to follow the regular insulin regimen unless otherwise instructed by the healthcare provider.
Incorrect choices:
b. Skipping insulin doses can lead to hyperglycemia and unstable blood glucose levels, especially during fasting.
c. Decreasing the insulin dose without appropriate guidance can result in poor blood glucose control.
d. Stopping insulin therapy abruptly can lead to hyperglycemia and potential complications. Insulin adjustments should be made under healthcare provider supervision.
A client with diabetes is asking about storing insulin. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education about insulin storage and handling?
Explanation
Insulin should be protected from extreme temperatures, including direct sunlight. Freezing or exposing insulin to high temperatures can alter its effectiveness.
Incorrect choices:
a. Storing insulin in the refrigerator is the correct way to maintain its effectiveness.
b. Gently rolling the insulin vial before use helps mix the solution but does not pertain to storage.
c. Checking the expiration date before using insulin is an important step to ensure its safety and effectiveness.
A nurse is teaching a client about storing insulin pens. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of insulin pen storage and handling?
Explanation
Insulin pens should be stored at room temperature and protected from direct sunlight. Extreme temperatures can affect insulin's effectiveness.
Incorrect choices:
a. Storing insulin pens in the glove compartment of a car exposes them to temperature fluctuations and extreme heat, which can impact their potency.
b. While an insulated cooler bag can help protect insulin during travel, insulin pens should not be stored in extreme cold.
d. Placing insulin pens in the freezer is not recommended as it can alter the medication's properties and affect its effectiveness.
A client with diabetes is going on a vacation and asks the nurse about storing insulin while traveling. Which response by the nurse is accurate regarding insulin storage and handling during travel?
Explanation
Insulin should be stored at room temperature and protected from extreme temperatures during travel to maintain its effectiveness.
Incorrect choices:
a. Leaving insulin vials on the car dashboard exposes them to heat and temperature fluctuations, which can impact their potency.
b. Storing insulin in the overhead compartment of an airplane may subject it to extreme cold or heat, affecting its effectiveness.
d. Freezing insulin is not recommended, as it can alter the medication's properties and impact its efficacy.
A client is concerned about traveling with insulin and asks the nurse if there are any specific storage recommendations. Which information should the nurse provide regarding insulin storage during travel?
Explanation
Storing insulin in a cool place, such as a mini-fridge in a hotel room, helps maintain its effectiveness while traveling.
Incorrect choices:
a. Storing insulin in checked baggage on an airplane can expose it to temperature fluctuations and extreme conditions that may affect its potency.
c. Storing insulin next to electronic devices may subject it to heat, which can impact its effectiveness.
d. Storing insulin in the glove compartment of a car during sightseeing can expose it to temperature fluctuations and extreme heat, affecting its potency.
. A client is worried about maintaining the effectiveness of insulin during hot summer months. What guidance should the nurse provide to the client regarding insulin storage and handling in warm weather?
Explanation
Storing insulin in a cooler bag with ice packs can help maintain its temperature and effectiveness during hot weather.
Incorrect choices:
a. Storing insulin in the freezer is not recommended, as it can alter the medication's properties and impact its efficacy.
c. Storing insulin in direct sunlight can expose it to extreme temperatures and affect its potency.
d. Leaving insulin in a parked car, even with cracked windows, exposes it to temperature fluctuations and extreme heat, which can impact its effectiveness.
A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about hypoglycemia management. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Treating hypoglycemia promptly is crucial to prevent more severe symptoms or complications. Waiting until blood sugar drops very low can lead to a dangerous situation.
Incorrect choices:
a. Carrying a source of fast-acting carbohydrates, like glucose tablets or juice, helps quickly raise blood sugar levels during an episode of hypoglycemia.
c. Checking blood sugar levels when experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia helps confirm if blood sugar is low and guides appropriate treatment.
d. Notifying the healthcare provider about frequent hypoglycemia episodes is important to adjust the diabetes management plan and prevent future occurrences.
A client with diabetes is experiencing symptoms of hypoglycemia, including sweating, shakiness, and confusion. Which action by the nurse is appropriate for hypoglycemia management?
Explanation
Offering a source of fast-acting carbohydrates. Fast-acting carbohydrates, such as glucose tablets or juice, can quickly raise blood sugar levels and alleviate hypoglycemic symptoms.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering a long-acting insulin injection would not address the immediate need to raise blood sugar levels during an episode of hypoglycemia.
b. Providing a high-fat snack would not rapidly increase blood sugar levels and alleviate symptoms of hypoglycemia.
c. Giving a rapid-acting insulin injection would further lower blood sugar levels and worsen hypoglycemia symptoms.
A client with diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia and is conscious. Which intervention should the nurse implement for hypoglycemia management?
Explanation
Encouraging the client to consume a high-protein snack. Consuming a high-protein snack along with a source of fast-acting carbohydrates helps stabilize blood sugar levels and prevent further hypoglycemia.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering glucagon injection is indicated for severe hypoglycemia when the client is unconscious or unable to swallow.
b. Starting an IV glucose infusion is reserved for severe hypoglycemia cases that are unresponsive to other interventions or when the client is unable to tolerate oral intake.
d. Monitoring blood sugar levels every 4 hours is a routine practice but does not address the immediate need to treat hypoglycemia.
A client with diabetes is unconscious and experiencing severe hypoglycemia. What is the appropriate nursing intervention for hypoglycemia management?
Explanation
Glucagon is administered in cases of severe hypoglycemia to rapidly raise blood sugar levels in an unconscious client.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering an oral glucose solution is not appropriate for an unconscious client who cannot swallow.
b. Initiating an insulin infusion would further lower blood sugar levels and worsen the hypoglycemic state.
d. Encouraging the client to consume a high-protein meal is not feasible for an unconscious client.
A client with diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia and is conscious. The nurse provides the client with a glucose gel tube. What should the nurse instruct the client to do next?
Explanation
Swallow the gel and drink a glass of water. Glucose gel is designed to be swallowed, and consuming a source of carbohydrates along with water will help rapidly raise blood sugar levels.
Incorrect choices:
b. Applying the gel topically to the skin will not effectively raise blood sugar levels and alleviate hypoglycemic symptoms.
c. Massaging the gel into the site of injection is not appropriate, as glucose gel is meant to be swallowed.
d. Rubbing the gel between the palms and inhaling deeply will not have a significant impact on blood sugar levels.
A nurse is providing education to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes who will be starting insulin therapy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Insulin syringes should not be reused due to the risk of contamination, infection, and inaccurate dosing.
Incorrect choices:
a. Rotating injection sites between different anatomical areas helps prevent lipohypertrophy and ensures consistent absorption.
c. Insulin vials can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days once in use, but they should be stored away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
d. Eating a meal or snack within 15 minutes of taking rapid-acting insulin helps prevent hypoglycemia and ensures that the insulin is working when glucose levels rise after eating.
A client with type 2 diabetes is learning about self-administration of insulin. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Insulin should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue, not the muscle.
Incorrect choices:
a. Cleaning the injection site with an alcohol swab before injection is a recommended practice to prevent infection.
c. Insulin pens are a convenient and accurate way to measure and administer insulin doses.
d. Rotating injection sites helps prevent lipohypertrophy and ensures consistent absorption.
A nurse is teaching a client about insulin storage and handling. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Insulin pens should not be exposed to extreme temperatures, including heat, as it can affect their potency.
Incorrect choices:
a. Storing insulin vials in the refrigerator helps maintain their potency, but they can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days once in use.
c. Checking the expiration date on insulin vials is important to ensure their effectiveness and safety.
d. Gently rolling the insulin vial between palms helps mix the insulin if it appears cloudy, but it should not be done with clear insulin.
A client with diabetes is learning about managing hypoglycemia. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
While orange juice can raise blood sugar quickly, it can also cause a rapid spike and subsequent crash, leading to further hypoglycemia.
Incorrect choices:
a. Keeping glucose tablets or gel on hand is a recommended practice to rapidly raise blood sugar in case of hypoglycemia.
c. Eating a high-protein snack can help stabilize blood sugar and prevent it from dropping too low.
d. Following up with a healthcare provider about frequent episodes of hypoglycemia is important to adjust insulin therapy and prevent future episodes.
A nurse is educating a client on self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) levels. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Applying alcohol before lancing can affect the accuracy of blood glucose readings.
Incorrect choices:
a. Cleaning hands with soap and water before using the glucose meter is a good practice to ensure accurate readings.
b. Applying a lancet to the side of the fingertip is a correct technique to obtain a blood sample for glucose testing.
d. Testing blood sugar regularly, regardless of symptoms, helps monitor and manage glucose levels effectively.
A client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is prescribed insulin therapy. The client asks the nurse, "Why do I need insulin if I have type 2 diabetes?" Which response by the nurse is accurate?
Explanation
In type 2 diabetes, the body's cells may become resistant to the effects of insulin, and the pancreas may produce less insulin over time. This can result in the need for insulin therapy to help manage blood sugar levels effectively.
Incorrect choices:
a. This statement is incorrect. While insulin therapy is commonly associated with type 1 diabetes, it can also be used in type 2 diabetes when other treatments are not sufficient.
b. Insulin therapy does not cure diabetes. It helps manage blood sugar levels and prevents complications, but it does not eliminate the underlying condition.
d. Insulin therapy may be used temporarily, but it can also be a long-term treatment option for type 2 diabetes, especially if other treatments are not effective.
A client with type 1 diabetes is starting insulin therapy. The client asks the nurse, "How do I know what dose of insulin to take?" What is the nurse's best response?
Explanation
Insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes is individualized and based on factors such as the client's weight, activity level, blood sugar levels, and overall health. The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate insulin dose for the client.
Incorrect choices:
a. Adjusting insulin dose based on how one feels is not a safe or accurate method. Insulin dosing should be guided by healthcare provider recommendations.
c. Starting with a high dose of insulin is not advisable and can lead to hypoglycemia. Insulin dosing should be started conservatively and adjusted as needed.
d. While monitoring blood sugar levels before and after meals is important for diabetes management, it is not the sole method for determining insulin dosing. Healthcare provider guidance is essential.
A client with type 1 diabetes is starting insulin therapy. The client asks the nurse, "How do I know what dose of insulin to take?" What is the nurse's best response?
Explanation
Insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes is individualized and based on factors such as the client's weight, activity level, blood sugar levels, and overall health. The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate insulin dose for the client.
Incorrect choices:
a. Adjusting insulin dose based on how one feels is not a safe or accurate method. Insulin dosing should be guided by healthcare provider recommendations.
c. Starting with a high dose of insulin is not advisable and can lead to hypoglycemia. Insulin dosing should be started conservatively and adjusted as needed.
d. While monitoring blood sugar levels before and after meals is important for diabetes management, it is not the sole method for determining insulin dosing. Healthcare provider guidance is essential.
A client with diabetes is prescribed a basal-bolus insulin regimen. The nurse teaches the client about this regimen. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
With a basal-bolus insulin regimen, clients are often encouraged to have snacks between meals to help prevent hypoglycemia caused by rapid-acting insulin. Snacking helps maintain more stable blood sugar levels.
Incorrect choices:
a. Taking a long-acting insulin in the morning and evening is consistent with a basal-bolus regimen. This statement is correct.
b. Using rapid-acting insulin before each meal is consistent with a basal-bolus regimen. This statement is correct.
d. Rotating injection sites within the same area is a recommended practice to prevent skin changes and complications associated with repeated injections. This statement is correct.
A client is receiving insulin therapy for diabetes management. The nurse is providing education about the importance of proper injection techniques. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Injecting insulin into the same spot every day can lead to skin changes, scar tissue formation, and poor insulin absorption. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent complications.
Incorrect choices:
b. Using a 90-degree angle when inserting the needle is a common technique for insulin injections. This statement is correct.
c. Avoiding scar tissue and areas with visible blood vessels is important to ensure proper insulin absorption. This statement is correct.
d. Pinching the skin before inserting the needle can help ensure subcutaneous injection and prevent injecting into muscle. This statement is correct.
A client with diabetes is prescribed both basal and prandial insulin. The nurse is teaching the client about the difference between these two types of insulin. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Basal insulin is typically taken once or twice a day to provide a steady baseline level of insulin, while prandial (mealtime) insulin is taken before meals to control post-meal blood sugar spikes.
Incorrect choices:
a. Basal insulin indeed provides a steady amount of insulin to cover the body's basic metabolic needs between meals and overnight. This statement is correct.
b. Prandial insulin does help control the rise in blood sugar after meals. This statement is correct.
d. Prandial insulin is indeed a type of rapid-acting insulin used to cover meals and control post-meal blood sugar levels. This statement is correct.
A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about insulin therapy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Insulin syringes should not be reused due to the risk of contamination, infection, and inaccurate dosing.
Incorrect choices:
a. Drawing up short-acting insulin before long-acting insulin is a recommended practice to prevent contamination of the long-acting insulin vial.
c. Rotating injection sites within the same anatomical area helps prevent lipohypertrophy and ensures consistent absorption.
d. Insulin vials should be kept refrigerated to maintain their potency, but they can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days once in use to prevent discomfort from cold injections.
A client is prescribed both long-acting and short-acting insulin. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of insulin administration?
Explanation
Short-acting insulin is administered before meals to cover postprandial glucose spikes, while long-acting insulin is typically administered once daily, often at bedtime.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering short-acting insulin in the morning and long-acting insulin at bedtime does not coincide with the timing needed to control glucose levels effectively.
c. Short-acting and long-acting insulins should not be mixed in the same syringe to maintain their proper dosing and actions.
d. Administering long-acting insulin right after a meal would not match the onset and duration of action needed for glucose control.
A client with diabetes is prescribed insulin glargine (Lantus) once daily. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education about insulin administration?
Explanation
Insulin glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting insulin that should not be mixed with other types of insulin in the same syringe.
Incorrect choices:
a. Insulin glargine (Lantus) is a U-100 insulin and should be administered using a U-100 insulin syringe.
b. Lantus can be injected into the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm to ensure consistent absorption and to prevent lipohypertrophy.
d. Injecting Lantus at the same time each day helps maintain consistent blood sugar levels and optimize its effectiveness.
A client is receiving multiple daily injections of insulin. Which technique by the client indicates a need for further education?
Explanation
Drawing up the cloudy insulin before the clear insulin. When mixing insulins, clear insulin should be drawn up first to prevent contaminating the clear insulin with the cloudy insulin.
Incorrect choices:
a. Rotating injection sites within the same area helps prevent lipohypertrophy and ensures consistent absorption.
b. Administering regular insulin before meals aligns with the timing needed to cover postprandial glucose spikes.
d. Using a 45-degree angle for subcutaneous injections is a recommended technique for insulin administration to ensure proper subcutaneous delivery.
A nurse is preparing to administer insulin lispro (Humalog) to a client. Which action by the nurse indicates the need for further education about insulin administration?
Explanation
Insulin lispro should not be stored in the refrigerator; it can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days once in use.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering insulin lispro within 15 minutes of a meal matches its rapid onset of action, which helps control postprandial glucose levels.
b. Using an insulin syringe to draw up insulin lispro is an appropriate technique for accurate dosing.
d. Injecting insulin lispro into the subcutaneous tissue is the correct route of administration for this rapid-acting insulin.
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