Pre-term birth can result in long-term developmental disabilities.This is because pre-term babies are born before their organs and systems are fully developed and may face complications such as respiratory distress, bleeding in the brain, infection, and jaundice.

Choice A is wrong because pre-term birth occursbefore37 weeks of gestation, not after.Choice B is wrong because pre-term birth isassociatedwith increased neonatal morbidity and mortality.Choice D is wrong because pre-term birth can be caused byvariousfactors, such as infection, multiple pregnancy, cervical insufficiency, placental abruption, and maternal conditions.

It is not always induced by medical complications.

Normal ranges for gestational age are 37 to 42 weeks.Normal ranges for hemoglobin are 11 to 16 g/dL for pregnant women.

Pre-term labor can lead to neonatal morbidity and mortality.Pre-term labor is defined as labor that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation.Pre-term infants are at risk for various complications, such as respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and death.

Choice A is wrong because pre-term labor does pose risks to the infant, as explained above.

Choice C is wrong because pre-term labor occurs before 40 weeks of gestation, not after.The normal term of pregnancy is 40 weeks.

Choice D is wrong because pre-term labor can be caused by various factors, not only obstetric complications.Some of the risk factors for pre-term labor include multiple gestation, infection, cervical insufficiency, placental abruption, preeclampsia, and maternal stress.

Preterm labor involves irregular uterine contractions without cervical changes.This is because preterm labor is defined as labor that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation with regular contractions and cervical changes.

Irregular contractions without cervical changes are more likely to be Braxton Hicks contractions, which are normal and do not indicate labor.

Choice A is wrong because preterm labor can be spontaneous or induced.

Spontaneous preterm labor occurs without a known cause or risk factor, while induced preterm labor is done for medical

Pre-term labor can lead to neonatal morbidity and mortality.Pre-term labor is defined as labor that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation.Pre-term birth is the leading cause of death among children under 5 years of age.Pre-term babies may face a lifetime of disability, including learning disabilities and visual and hearing problems.

Choice A is wrong because pre-term labor is more likely to occur before 40 weeks of gestation, not after.

Choice B is wrong because pre-term labor does have an impact on the baby’s long-term health, such as increased risk of infections, bleeding in the brain, and respiratory distress syndrome.

Choice C is wrong because pre-term labor does not always require medical induction.Sometimes, pre-term labor can be stopped or delayed with medications or bed rest.