Contact precautions are used for clients with infections that can be transmitted through direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment. Clostridium difficile infection is primarily transmitted through contact with contaminated surfaces, requiring the use of gloves and gowns.

Incorrect choices:

a. Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through small airborne particles.

b. Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through large droplets produced by an infected individual.

d. Standard precautions should always be followed, but additional precautions specific to the mode of transmission (in this case, contact precautions) are necessary for effective infection control.

Pulmonary tuberculosis is primarily transmitted through airborne particles containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. Airborne precautions, including the use of specialized respiratory protection and negative pressure isolation rooms, are necessary to prevent its transmission.

Incorrect choices:

b. Droplet precautions are not sufficient for tuberculosis as it can be transmitted through smaller airborne particles.

c. Contact precautions are not necessary unless there are additional skin lesions or draining wounds associated with tuberculosis.

d. Standard precautions should always be followed, but additional precautions specific to the mode of transmission (in this case, airborne precautions) are required for effective infection control.

Influenza is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Droplet precautions, including the use of masks and maintaining a safe distance, are necessary to prevent its spread.

Incorrect choices:

a. Airborne precautions are not necessary for influenza, as it is primarily transmitted through larger respiratory droplets rather than small airborne particles.

c. Contact precautions are not required for influenza unless the client has additional conditions or infections that warrant contact precautions.

d. Standard precautions should always be followed, but additional precautions specific to the mode of transmission (in this case, droplet precautions) are required for effective infection control.

Chickenpox is highly contagious and primarily transmitted through airborne particles containing the varicella-zoster virus. Airborne precautions, including the use of specialized respiratory protection and negative pressure isolation rooms, are necessary to prevent its transmission.

Incorrect choices:

b. Droplet precautions are not sufficient for chickenpox as it can be transmitted through smaller airborne particles.

c. Contact precautions are not necessary unless there are additional skin lesions or the client has conditions that warrant contact precautions.

d. Standard precautions should always be followed, but additional precautions specific to the mode of transmission (in this case, airborne precautions) are required for effective infection control.