Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia > Maternal & Newborn
Exam Review
Management Principles and Nursing Interventions
Total Questions : 8
Showing 8 questions, Sign in for moreA nurse is caring for a client with mild pre-eclampsia who is at 32 weeks of gestation.
The nurse should anticipate administering which medication to the client?
Explanation
Betamethasone.This is because betamethasone is a corticosteroid that can help speed up the fetal lung development and reduce the risk of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm babies.
A client with mild pre-eclampsia who is at 32 weeks of gestation may need to deliver early if the condition worsens, so betamethasone can help prepare the baby for birth.
Choice A is wrong because magnesium sulfate is used to prevent seizures in women with severe preeclampsia or eclampsia, not mild preeclampsia.Magnesium sulfate can also prolong pregnancy for up to two days, but it does not improve fetal outcomes.
Choice C is wrong because oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates uterine contractions and induces labor.Oxytocin is not indicated for mild preeclampsia unless there are other reasons to deliver the baby urgently.
Choice D is wrong because misoprostol is a medication that can cause cervical ripening and uterine contractions.Misoprostol is used for medical abortion, induction of labor, or management of postpartum hemorrhage.It is not used for mild preeclampsia unless there are other indications for delivery.
A nurse is teaching a client with mild pre-eclampsia about dietary modifications.
Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Explanation
“I should limit my salt intake to less than 5 grams per day.” This statement indicates a need for further teaching because clients with mild pre-eclampsia do not need to restrict their salt intake.Salt restriction can lead to low blood volume and decreased placental perfusion.A regular diet with adequate protein and calories is recommended for clients with mild pre-eclampsia.
Choice B is wrong because drinking at least 2 liters of water every day can help prevent dehydration and maintain blood volume.
Choice C is wrong because avoiding foods and drinks that contain caffeine can help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of seizures.
Choice D is wrong because increasing protein intake to 100 grams per day can help replenish the protein lost in urine due to proteinuria.Protein also helps maintain plasma oncotic pressure and prevent edema.
Normal ranges for salt intake are about 6 grams per day for healthy adults.
Normal ranges for protein intake are about 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day for healthy adults.
A nurse is monitoring the fetal well-being of a client with mild pre-eclampsia who is at 28 weeks of gestation.
Which test should the nurse perform at least every two weeks to assess the fetal growth and oxygenation?
Explanation
A biophysical profile is a test that combines a nonstress test with an ultrasound to assess the fetal well-being and oxygenation.A biophysical profile evaluates five parameters: fetal breathing movements, fetal body movements, fetal tone, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal heart rate reactivity.
Each parameter is scored 0 or 2, and the total score ranges from 0 to 10.A score of 8 to 10 is considered normal, indicating adequate oxygenation and low risk of asphyxia.
Choice A is wrong because a nonstress test is a test that measures the fetal heart rate response to fetal movements.It does not assess the fetal growth or oxygenation directly.
Choice C is wrong because an amniocentesis is a test that involves inserting a needle into the amniotic sac to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid for genetic or biochemical analysis.It does not assess the fetal growth or oxygenation directly.
Choice D is wrong because an umbilical artery doppler is a test that uses ultrasound to measure the blood flow in the umbilical artery.
It can detect placental insufficiency or fetal growth restriction.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client with mild pre-eclampsia who is at 30 weeks of gestation.
Which finding should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Explanation
Serum creatinine of 1.2 mg/dL.This indicates impaired kidney function, which is a serious complication of pre-eclampsia and should be reported to the provider immediately.
Choice A is wrong because a platelet count of 150,000/mm3 is within the normal range (150,000-400,000/mm3) and does not indicate a problem.
Choice C is wrong because a serum uric acid of 6 mg/dL is also within the normal range (2.4-6.0 mg/dL for women) and does not indicate a problem.
Choice D is wrong because a serum albumin of 3.5 g/dL is slightly below the normal range (3.5-5.0 g/dL), but not significantly enough to cause concern.Albumin levels can decrease due to various factors, such as malnutrition, inflammation, or fluid overload.
A nurse is preparing to administer antihypertensive medication to a client with mild pre-eclampsia who is at 34 weeks of gestation.
The nurse should avoid giving which medication to the client?
Explanation
Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that can cause fetal renal damage and oligohydramnios.It should be avoided in pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters.
Choice A is wrong because methyldopa is a centrally acting antihypertensive drug that is safe and effective for treating mild to moderate hypertension in pregnancy.
Choice B is wrong because nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker that can lower blood pressure and prevent seizures in women with severe pre-eclampsia.
Choice C is wrong because hydralazine is a vasodilator that can reduce blood pressure and prolong pregnancy in women with severe pre-eclampsia.
A nurse is preparing to administer corticosteroids to a client with HELLP syndrome who is 32 weeks pregnant.
What is the rationale for this intervention?
Explanation
To accelerate fetal lung maturity.This is because corticosteroids are given to pregnant women with HELLP syndrome who are at risk of preterm delivery to help the lungs of the fetus to mature and prevent respiratory distress syndrome.
According to the health search result from Focus Medica, HELLP syndrome is a life-threatening condition that occurs in pregnant women or soon after delivery.This can cause high blood pressure, seizures, stroke or liver rupture.
Choice A is wrong because corticosteroids do not reduce inflammation in the liver, but rather increase the risk of liver injury by elevating liver enzymes.
Choice C is wrong because corticosteroids do not increase maternal blood pressure, but rather decrease it by acting as antihypertensives.
Choice D is wrong because corticosteroids do not prevent fetal growth restriction, but rather may cause it by reducing placental blood flow and fetal nutrition.
A nurse is monitoring a client with HELLP syndrome for signs of magnesium toxicity.
Which of the following assessments would indicate the need for calcium gluconate as an antidote?
Explanation
Loss of reflexes.This is because magnesium toxicity can cause neuromuscular blockade and respiratory depression, which can be reversed by calcium gluconate as an antidote.
Choice B.Brisk tendon reflexes is wrong because magnesium toxicity usually causes diminished or absent reflexes.
Choice C.Hypertension is wrong because magnesium toxicity usually causes hypotension.
Choice D. Proteinuria is wrong because magnesium toxicity does not affect urine protein levels.Proteinuria is a sign of preeclampsia, not magnesium toxicity.
A nurse is planning care for a client with HELLP syndrome who has signs of severe anemia, coagulopathy, and bleeding.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?
No explanation
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