Healthcare-associated infections are infections that occur as a result of receiving healthcare, such as in hospitals or other healthcare settings.

Incorrect choices:

a. A cold contracted from a family member is not an example of a healthcare-associated infection.

c. Food poisoning from contaminated food is not an example of a healthcare-associated infection.

d. Athlete's foot from a public swimming pool is not an example of a healthcare-associated infection.

Hand hygiene is considered the most effective way to prevent the transmission of healthcare-associated infections. It includes washing hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizers.

Incorrect choices:

a. Wearing gloves during patient care is important but not as effective as hand hygiene in preventing infection transmission.

c. Disinfecting surfaces regularly is important for infection control, but hand hygiene is the most effective measure.

d. Administering prophylactic antibiotics is not a preventive measure for healthcare-associated infections but rather a treatment option in certain cases.

Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette is a standard precaution that involves covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing and using tissues or elbow to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets.

Incorrect choices:

a. Wearing a gown and gloves during a sterile procedure is an example of contact precautions, not standard precautions.

c. Placing a patient in airborne isolation is an example of airborne precautions, not standard precautions.

d. Using dedicated equipment for each patient is an example of transmission-based precautions, not standard precautions.

The recommended duration for performing hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand sanitizers is approximately 15 seconds, ensuring all surfaces of the hands are covered and allowed to dry.

Incorrect choices:

a. 5 seconds is not a sufficient duration for effective hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand sanitizers.

c. 30 seconds and d. 60 seconds are longer durations than necessary for alcohol-based hand sanitizers.

When entering the room of a patient with tuberculosis, healthcare workers should wear a fitted N95 respirator mask to protect against airborne transmission.

Incorrect choices:

a. Gloves and gown are necessary for contact precautions, but the primary concern with tuberculosis is airborne transmission.

b. Mask and goggles are not sufficient for protecting against airborne transmission of tuberculosis.

d. Face shield and gloves are not the recommended combination of PPE for tuberculosis precautions.

he appropriate technique for removing PPE after caring for a patient with a highly contagious infection is to remove the gown first, followed by the gloves, mask, and goggles, in order to minimize the risk of self-contamination.

Incorrect choices:

a. Removing gloves first can lead to contamination of the hands when removing the gown. The correct order is to remove the gown first.

c. Removing the goggles first can potentially expose the eyes to contamination. The correct order is to remove the gown first.

d. Removing the mask first can potentially e

Sterile gloves should be worn when performing invasive procedures, such as administering intravenous medication, to maintain a sterile field and prevent infection.

Incorrect choices: a. Oral hygiene does not require sterile gloves. Non-sterile gloves should be used.

b. Emptying a urinary drainage bag does not require sterile gloves. Non-sterile gloves should be used.

d. Assisting a patient with ambulation does not require sterile gloves. Non-sterile gloves should be used.

The appropriate technique for cleaning a contaminated surface is to use a detergent or disinfectant to effectively remove or kill microorganisms present on the surface.

Incorrect choices: a. Wiping the surface with a dry cloth does not effectively remove microorganisms. Cleaning agents should be used.

b. Spraying the surface with water alone does not effectively kill microorganisms. Detergent or disinfectant is required.

d. Blowing air over the surface does not effectively clean or disinfect it. Cleaning agents should be used.

Practicing proper hand hygiene is an important infection prevention measure in healthcare settings and can help reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections.

Incorrect choices:

a. Using sterile technique during surgical procedures is a specific practice for maintaining a sterile field but does not address overall infection prevention.

c. Administering prophylactic antibiotics before surgery is a strategy to prevent surgical site infections but does not encompass all healthcare-associated infections.

The primary purpose of using isolation precautions is to protect patients from getting infections and to prevent the spread of infectious agents within healthcare settings.

Incorrect choices:

a. Protecting healthcare providers from getting infections is important but not the primary purpose of isolation precautions.

c. Restricting visitors' access to healthcare facilities may be a component of infection control but is not the primary purpose of isolation precautions.

d. Reducing healthcare costs associated with infections is a potential benefit of effective infection prevention and control, but it is not the primary purpose of isolation precautions.