A. Whole grapes pose a choking hazard for toddlers. Grapes should be cut into small pieces before serving.

B. Hard candies are a choking hazard and are not suitable snacks for toddlers.

C. Raw nuts can be a choking hazard for toddlers. Nuts should be finely chopped or ground if given to toddlers.

D. Sliced apples, cut into appropriate bite-sized pieces, are a healthy and safe snack option for toddlers.

A. Using a small pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste is recommended for preschoolers to prevent excessive ingestion of fluoride.

B. Encouraging the child to swallow the toothpaste after brushing is not safe. Children should be taught to spit out the toothpaste to minimize fluoride intake.

C. Fluoride toothpaste should be introduced when the child is able to spit out the toothpaste, typically around the age of three. It is not recommended for infants or toddlers who may swallow it.

D. Supervising toothbrushing and ensuring the child spits out the toothpaste is the appropriate advice for promoting good oral hygiene in preschoolers.

A. Placing the baby to sleep on their stomach is not safe and increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Babies should be placed on their back to sleep.

B. Using soft bedding, such as quilts and bumper pads, in the crib increases the risk of suffocation. Infants should sleep on a firm mattress with no soft bedding.

C. Keeping the baby's sleep area close to the parent's bed for the first six months promotes safe sleep practices and allows for easy monitoring and feeding during the night.

D. Allowing the baby to sleep in the car seat is not a recommended practice for prolonged sleep. Car seats are for travel and should not be used as a substitute for a safe sleep environment.

A. Removing old paint chips and repainting the walls with lead-based paint can increase lead exposure. Lead-based paint should be safely removed by professionals following guidelines to prevent contamination.

B. Allowing the toddler to play in areas where renovations involving lead-based paint are ongoing is dangerous. Lead exposure can occur through contact with lead dust and particles during renovations.

C. Providing a diet rich in iron and calcium can help minimize lead absorption, but it does not replace the need for preventive measures to reduce exposure to lead.

D. Regularly cleaning the toddler's toys and hands reduces contact with lead dust, a common source of lead exposure. Handwashing and maintaining a clean environment are essential for lead prevention.

A. Using a forward-facing car seat for infants under two years old is not recommended. Infants should use rear-facing car seats until they outgrow the seat's height and weight limits.

B. Placing the car seat in the front passenger seat if an air

bag is present is not safe for infants. The back seat is the safest place for a child safety seat.

C. Transitioning to a booster seat is the next step after using a forward-facing car seat, not a rear-facing one. Booster seats are for older children who have outgrown forward-facing seats.

D. Using a rear-facing car seat until the baby outgrows the seat's height and weight limits is the safest practice. Rear-facing seats provide better protection for the head, neck, and spine of infants and toddlers in a crash.

A. Limiting screen time is a good practice to promote physical activity. Sedentary activities, such as excessive screen time, should be limited.

B. Encouraging at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily promotes cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and overall well-being in school-age children.

C. Participating in team sports can provide numerous physical, social, and psychological benefits for children. Proper training and supervision can help prevent injuries.

D. Promoting prolonged sitting for academic achievement is not a healthy practice. Balancing physical activity and sedentary time is important for a child's overall health and development.

A. Encouraging toddlers to ride bicycles without helmets is unsafe. Helmets provide protection in case of falls and accidents and should be worn at all times while riding bikes.

B. Allowing toddlers to ride bicycles in high-traffic areas is dangerous. Toddlers should ride bicycles in safe, designated areas away from traffic.

C. Ensuring toddlers wear properly fitted helmets while riding bicycles is essential for head protection. Helmets should meet safety standards and fit snugly on the child's head.

D. Choosing bicycles that are one or two sizes larger can be unsafe, as it may be difficult for the child to control the bike. Properly sized bicycles are essential for safe riding.

A. Avoiding stretching exercises can increase the risk of muscle strain and injuries. Stretching is important for flexibility and injury prevention.

B. Performing stretching exercises after physical activity helps enhance flexibility and relax muscles. It is a recommended practice for injury prevention.

C. Stretching muscles quickly without holding the stretch position is not effective. Slow, controlled stretches held for about 15-30 seconds are recommended for optimal benefits.

D. Stretching muscles before physical activity without warming up can lead to injuries. Warm-up exercises increase blood flow to the muscles and prepare the body for stretching and physical activity.

A. Allowing the child to fall asleep with a bottle containing milk or juice can lead to dental caries (tooth decay) due to prolonged exposure of the teeth to sugary liquids.

B. Filling the bottle with sugary drinks increases the risk of dental caries. Sugary drinks should be limited, and water is the healthiest choice for hydration.

C. Gradually transitioning the child to a cup around their first birthday is a good practice. It helps prevent prolonged bottle use, reducing the risk of dental problems.

D. Offering a bottle filled with water only during bedtime or naps is a safe practice. Water does not pose a risk of dental caries, and it keeps the child hydrated without harming their teeth.

A. Encouraging the child to consume large portions can lead to overeating and contribute to obesity. Portion control is important for a balanced diet.

B. Using larger plates to make portions appear smaller can lead to overeating. Using appropriately sized plates helps promote awareness of portion sizes.

C. Offering appropriate portion sizes and avoiding using food as a reward promotes healthy eating habits and prevents overconsumption of calories.

D. Allowing the child to choose their portion sizes without guidance can lead to unhealthy eating habits. Parents should provide appropriate portion sizes to support a balanced diet and prevent excessive calorie intake.

A. Whole milk is a good source of calcium and vitamin D but is not a significant source of iron.

B. Orange juice contains vitamin C, which enhances iron absorption, but it is not a direct source of iron.

C. Leafy green vegetables, such as spinach and kale, are rich in iron and can promote iron intake in the toddler's diet.

D. Honey should be avoided in children under one year old due to the risk of botulism.

A. Allowing the toddler to fall asleep with a bottle of milk can lead to baby bottle tooth decay and should be avoided.

B. Brushing the toddler's teeth with a small, soft-bristled toothbrush is a good practice to maintain oral hygiene.

C. Using a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste for the toddler is appropriate to prevent excessive ingestion of fluoride.

D. Teaching the toddler to spit out the toothpaste after brushing helps minimize fluoride intake and is a good practice.

A. Keeping hot beverages within easy reach of the toddler increases the risk of burns. Hot beverages should be kept out of reach.

B. Testing bathwater with the hand before placing the toddler in the tub helps ensure that the water is at a safe temperature.

C. Storing cleaning products in an unlocked cabinet under the sink increases the risk of poisoning and should be avoided. Cleaning products should be stored in locked cabinets.

D. Using tablecloths to prevent hot dishes from spilling onto the toddler is not a sufficient safety measure. Hot dishes should be placed away from the toddler's reach.

A. Allowing unlimited screen time on weekends as a reward for good behavior can lead to excessive screen time, which is not recommended. Screen time should be limited.

B. Encouraging educational programs and limiting screen time to 1-2 hours per day is a recommended practice. Educational programs can be beneficial, but screen time should be moderated.

C. Placing the television in the child's bedroom is not recommended, as it can lead to unsupervised and excessive screen time. The television should be placed in a common area where screen time can be monitored.

D. Allowing the preschooler to choose any television program without restrictions is not advisable. Parents should guide the child's screen time and choose appropriate, educational content.

A. Starting toilet training as early as possible might not be effective if the toddler is not developmentally ready. It is essential to wait for signs of readiness.

B. Waiting until the toddler shows signs of readiness, such as staying dry for longer periods, is a recommended approach for successful toilet training.

C. Implementing a strict toilet training schedule, regardless of the toddler's readiness, can lead to resistance and difficulties in the process.

D. Using punishment for accidents is not recommended and can create negative associations with toilet training. Positive reinforcement and encouragement are more effective approaches.