Answer: d. Administering humidified oxygen through the cannula

Explanation: Humidified oxygen should be administered through a nasal cannula to prevent drying of the nasal passages and promote client comfort. It is important for the nurse to ensure the oxygen is properly humidified to prevent mucosal irritation.

Incorrect choices:

a. Securing the cannula tightly around the client's head may cause discomfort and impede circulation.

b. Placing the cannula in the client's mouth is not the correct placement for a nasal cannula.

c. Assessing the client's skin behind the ears for pressure ulcers is important when using devices that apply pressure, such as oxygen masks or headgear, but not specific to the nasal cannula.

Answer: c. Inflate the reservoir bag prior to inhalation.

Explanation: The reservoir bag of a non-rebreather mask should be inflated to ensure an adequate oxygen supply during inhalation. The inflated bag provides a reservoir of oxygen-rich air that is delivered during each breath.

Incorrect choices:

a. Ensuring the reservoir bag is fully deflated during inhalation would limit the amount of oxygen available for the client.

b. Adjusting the oxygen flow rate to the highest setting may lead to excessive oxygen concentrations and is not necessary for effective mask functioning.

d. Removing the one-way valve from the mask would compromise the integrity of the non-rebreather system and prevent effective oxygen delivery.

Answer: b. Monitoring the client for signs of oxygen toxicity.

Explanation: Oxygen toxicity can occur with prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen. The nurse should closely monitor the client for signs of oxygen toxicity, such as substernal pain, respiratory distress, and changes in mental status.

Incorrect choices: a. Assessing the client's respiratory rate hourly is a general nursing assessment and not specific to venturi mask therapy.

c. Administering supplemental oxygen as needed is the purpose of providing oxygen therapy and is not a specific consideration for the venturi mask.

d. Ensuring the mask fits tightly over the client's nose and mouth is important for mask effectiveness but is not specific to the venturi mask.

Answer: d. Assessing the client for skin breakdown around the mask.

Explanation: When using a face mask for oxygen therapy, the nurse should assess the client's skin for any signs of irritation or breakdown due to prolonged mask use. It is important to ensure proper mask fit and periodically assess the skin integrity to prevent pressure ulcers or skin breakdown.

Incorrect choices:

a. Encouraging the client to remove the mask during meals may compromise oxygen delivery and is not recommended unless otherwise specified by the healthcare provider.

b. Adjusting the mask to cover the client's mouth only may not provide adequate oxygen delivery and is not the correct technique for using a face mask.

c. Checking the client's oxygen saturation every 4 hours is a general nursing assessment and not specific to face mask oxygen therapy. The frequency of oxygen saturation monitoring should be based on the client's condition and healthcare provider's orders.

Answer: d. Teaching the client proper coughing and deep breathing techniques.

Explanation: For a client with a transtracheal catheter, it is important for the nurse to teach the client proper coughing and deep breathing techniques to maintain effective airway clearance. These techniques help prevent mucus buildup and maintain optimal oxygenation.

Incorrect choices:

a. Ensuring the catheter is placed in the client's nostrils is incorrect as a transtracheal catheter is inserted directly into the trachea, bypassing the nose.

b. Assessing the client's respiratory rate every 15 minutes is too frequent for routine assessment and may disrupt the client's care.

c. Monitoring the oxygen flow rate continuously is not specific to the transtracheal catheter and would depend on the specific oxygen delivery system being used.