Nutrition and Feeding Issues in Pediatrics

Total Questions : 10

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Question 1: A 3-year-old child has been diagnosed with failure to thrive. Which intervention is appropriate for managing this condition?

Explanation

A. Implementing a restrictive diet can further impair the child's growth and development. Encouraging nutrient-dense foods is a more appropriate approach.

B. Encouraging the child to eat high-calorie, nutrient-dense foods can help improve calorie intake and support growth in children with failure to thrive.

C. Limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration and is not a recommended approach for managing failure to thrive.

D. Introducing a strict exercise regimen is not suitable for young children with failure to thrive. Nutritional interventions are a primary focus.


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Question 2: A 6-month-old infant is starting solid foods. Which food item is appropriate to introduce first?

Explanation

A. Cow's milk is not recommended as a primary drink for infants under 1 year old due to its low iron content.

B. Honey is not recommended for infants under 1 year old due to the risk of botulism.

C. Rice cereal is a common first food for infants as it is easily digestible and less allergenic. It can be mixed with breast milk or formula.

D. Whole grapes pose a choking hazard for infants and should be avoided until the child is older and able to chew more effectively.


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Question 3: A toddler is refusing to eat vegetables. Which approach by the parents is appropriate to encourage vegetable consumption?

Explanation

A. Forcing a child to eat vegetables can create negative associations with food and lead to further resistance. It is not an appropriate approach.

B. Allowing the child to skip vegetables may perpetuate picky eating habits. Encouraging vegetable consumption is important for a balanced diet.

C. Hiding vegetables in other foods may not address the underlying issue of the child's aversion to vegetables and may not lead to long-term acceptance.

D. Offering a variety of vegetables in different forms and textures can expose the child to different tastes and increase the likelihood of finding vegetables they enjoy.


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Question 4: A school-age child is diagnosed with celiac disease. Which food item should the nurse advise the child to avoid

Explanation

A. Whole grains, excluding gluten-containing grains like wheat, barley, and rye, are suitable for individuals with celiac disease.

B. Dairy products do not contain gluten and are generally safe for individuals with celiac disease unless they are lactose intolerant.

C. Gluten-containing grains like wheat, barley, and rye should be strictly avoided by individuals with celiac disease to prevent adverse reactions.

D. Fruits and vegetables do not contain gluten and are safe for individuals with celiac disease.


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Question 5: A parent is concerned about their adolescent's vegetarian diet and wants to ensure they receive adequate protein. Which food item is a good plant-based source of protein?

Explanation

A. White bread is not a significant source of protein.

B. Rice is a carbohydrate and not a high-protein food source.

C. Lentils are a good plant-based source of protein and can be included in a vegetarian diet to ensure an adequate protein intake.

D. Potato chips are a snack food and do not provide substantial protein.


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Question 6: A nurse is teaching a parent about introducing solid foods to their 4-month-old infant. What is an appropriate guideline for introducing solids?**

Explanation

A. Starting with pureed fruits and vegetables is appropriate for most infants when introducing solid foods, typically around 4-6 months of age.

B. Cow's milk is not recommended as a primary drink for infants under 1 year old due to its low iron content.

C. Meat can be introduced as a source of iron-rich food, but it is not typically the first solid food introduced.

D. Waiting until 12 months to introduce any solid foods is not in line with current recommendations. Introducing solids around 4-6 months while continuing breast milk or formula is appropriate.


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Question 7: A child is diagnosed with lactose intolerance. Which food item should the nurse suggest as a lactose-free calcium source?

Explanation

A. Milk contains lactose and is not suitable for individuals with lactose intolerance.

B. Cheese contains lactose, although the levels can vary. Some individuals with lactose intolerance can tolerate small amounts of cheese.

C. Yogurt contains lactose, but certain yogurts with live cultures might be tolerated by individuals with lactose intolerance.

D. Fortified orange juice can provide a source of calcium and vitamin D without lactose and is suitable for individuals with lactose intolerance.


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Question 8: A toddler has been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which food item is a good source of iron that can be included in their diet?

Explanation

A. Milk is a poor source of iron and can interfere with iron absorption if consumed in excess.

B. Orange juice is not a significant source of iron.

C. Leafy green vegetables like spinach and kale are good sources of iron and can be included in the toddler's diet to improve iron levels.

D. Caffeinated beverages should be avoided in toddlers due to their negative impact on hydration and overall health.


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Question 9: A nurse is counseling parents of a child with a nut allergy. Which food item should the nurse advise the family to avoid?

Explanation

A. Eggs are not nuts and are generally safe for individuals with a nut allergy, unless the child has a specific allergy to eggs.

B. Almonds are nuts and should be avoided by individuals with a nut allergy.

C. Whole grains are not nuts and are safe for individuals with a nut allergy.

D. Yogurt is not a nut and is safe for individuals with a nut allergy, unless it is specifically flavored or contains nuts as an ingredient.


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Question 10: A parent is concerned about their adolescent's potential deficiency in vitamin D. Which food item is a good source of vitamin D?

Explanation

A. Carrots are not a significant source of vitamin D.

B. Salmon is a fatty fish and a good source of vitamin D.

C. Apples are not a significant source of vitamin D.

D. Rice is not a significant source of vitamin D.


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