The correct answer is B.

“I have more time to spend with my family and friends now.” This statement indicates a positive psychosocial adjustment to retirement because it shows that the client is enjoying the benefits of having more leisure time and social support.

The client is also likely to have a higher sense of well-being and life satisfaction.

Choice A is wrong because it suggests that the client is experiencing a loss of identity and purpose in life, which can lead to depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem.

The client may benefit from finding new ways to contribute to society, such as volunteering, mentoring, or pursuing hobbies.

Choice C is wrong because it implies that the client is bored and lacks direction, which can also affect their mental health negatively.

The client may need to structure their days and set small goals to stay motivated and engaged.

Choice D is wrong because it indicates that the client is missing their work environment and the challenges it provided, which can make them feel isolated and unfulfilled.

The client may need to find new sources of stimulation and challenge, such as learning new skills, taking classes, or finding an “encore” job.

According to some sources, adjusting to retirement can be a stressful process that involves going through stages of emotions, finding new purpose and meaning, managing stress, anxiety, and depression, looking after one’s health, and embracing change.Psychosocial interventions can support retirement well-being and adjustment by providing guidance, support, and coping skills.

The correct answer isA, C, and D.These interventions are consistent with the recommendations for retirement planning for older adults, which include setting realistic goals, seeking alternative income sources if needed, and maintaining a balanced schedule of activities that provide stimulation, satisfaction and purpose.

Choice B is wrong because it suggests the client to reduce social contacts and focus on personal interests.This is not a healthy intervention for older adults, as social isolation can lead to depression, cognitive decline, and poor quality of life.Older adults should be encouraged to join social groups or clubs that share common interests or values, as this can enhance their well-being and sense of belonging.

Choice E is wrong because it recommends the client to join social groups or clubs that share common interests or values.

While this is a good suggestion for older adults in general, it is not specific to retirement planning.Retirement planning involves preparing for the financial, emotional, and physical aspects of leaving work and transitioning to a new phase of life.

Joining social groups or clubs may be part of the retirement plan, but it is not an intervention that the nurse should include in the planning process.

The correct answer is D.

“Retirement can be facilitated by planning ahead for retirement goals, finances and lifestyle.” This statement by the nurse is appropriate because it acknowledges the client’s autonomy and encourages the client to prepare for a successful transition to retirement.Planning ahead can help the client cope with the potential challenges and opportunities of retirement, such as income changes, social support, health issues, leisure activities, and personal identity.

Choice A is wrong because it does not provide any education or guidance to the client.

It merely states a possible psychological outcome of retirement, which may not be relevant or helpful to the client’s situation.

Choice B is wrong because it defines retirement rather than educates the client about it.

It also implies that retirement is a passive or negative event that may occur against the client’s will, which may not be accurate or empowering.

Choice C is wrong because it focuses only on the positive aspects of retirement and ignores the potential challenges or difficulties that the client may face.

It also assumes that the client has the resources and interest to pursue these activities, which may not be true.

Normal ranges for retirement age vary depending on the country, profession, and personal circumstances of the individual.However, some common factors that influence retirement age are life expectancy, health status, financial security, social security benefits, and personal preferences.

The correct answer is C.

“I have been feeling depressed and lonely since I left my job.” This statement by the client indicates a need for further intervention because it suggests that the client is experiencing depression, which is a serious mood disorder that can affect the way a person feels, acts, and thinks.

Depression is not a normal part of aging, and it can be treated with counseling, medication, or other forms of therapy.

Depression can be caused by various factors, such as changes in the brain, life events, medical conditions, or substance use.

Depression in older adults may be difficult to recognize because they may have different symptoms than younger people.

For some older adults with depression, sadness is not their main symptom.They could instead be feeling more of a numbness or a lack of interest in activities.

Choice A is wrong because “I have joined a book club and a gardening club in my neighborhood.” This statement by the client indicates that the client is engaging in social and recreational activities that can enhance their well-being and prevent isolation.Social support and meaningful activities are important factors for healthy aging and mental health.

Choice B is wrong because “I have been taking online courses to learn new skills and hobbies.” This statement by the client indicates that the client is pursuing lifelong learning and personal growth, which can also improve their cognitive function and self-esteem.Learning new skills and hobbies can help older adults cope with life transitions and challenges, as well as provide them with a sense of purpose and achievement.

Choice D is wrong because “I have been volunteering at a local animal shelter twice a week.” This statement by the client indicates that the client is contributing to their community and caring for others, which can also boost their mood and self-worth.Volunteering can provide older adults with opportunities to connect with others, share their skills and talents, and make a positive difference in the world.

The correct answer isC.

“You can still find meaning and purpose in life after retirement.”.

This statement by the nurse demonstrates empathy and respect for the client because it acknowledges the client’s potential to cope with the transition and to pursue new goals and interests.Empathy is the ability to understand the personal experience of the patient without bonding with them, and it includes three dimensions: emotional, cognitive, and behavioral.Empathy is an important communication skill for a health professional, as it helps to elicit therapeutic change and to comprehend the needs of the health care users.

Choice A is wrong because it assumes how the client feels and may not reflect their actual emotions.

It also does not offer any support or encouragement to the client.

Choice B is wrong because it shows a lack of empathy and respect for the client’s situation.

It implies that the client should not have any negative feelings about retiring early and that they should be satisfied with what they have.

Choice D is wrong because it dismisses the client’s feelings and challenges as a normal part of aging.

It does not acknowledge the impact of retirement on the client’s identity and well-being.

Normal ranges for empathy vary depending on the context, culture, and profession of the health care provider.However, some studies have suggested that empathy scores tend to decline during medical training and practice, and that higher levels of empathy are associated with better patient satisfaction, adherence, and outcomes.

Therefore, it is important for health professionals to develop and maintain empathetic skills through education, training, and self-care.