Airborne precautions are used for clients with infectious diseases that are spread through small airborne particles, such as tuberculosis. It involves the use of specialized respiratory protection and negative pressure isolation rooms.

Incorrect choices:

a. Contact precautions are used for diseases that can be transmitted through direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment.

b. Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through large droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.

d. Standard precautions are the basic level of infection prevention and control measures that should be followed for all clients, regardless of their specific infectious status.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection Explanation: MRSA is a multidrug-resistant bacterium that can be spread through direct contact with an infected individual or contaminated objects. Contact precautions, including the use of gloves and gowns, are necessary to prevent its transmission.

Incorrect choices:

a. Influenza is primarily spread through respiratory droplets and requires droplet precautions.

c. Pertussis (whooping cough) is also spread through respiratory droplets and requires droplet precautions.

d. Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions due to the risk of transmission through airborne particles.

Droplet precautions Explanation: Influenza is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Droplet precautions, including wearing a mask and maintaining a safe distance, are necessary to prevent its spread.

Incorrect choices:

a. Contact precautions are not required for influenza unless the client also has additional conditions or infections that warrant contact precautions.

c. Airborne precautions are not necessary for influenza, as it is primarily transmitted through droplets rather than airborne particles.

d. Standard precautions should always be followed, but additional precautions specific to the mode of transmission (in this case, droplet precautions) are required for effective infection control.

Contact precautions are used for clients with infections or conditions that are transmitted through direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment. A draining wound infection can potentially spread infectious material to others, requiring contact precautions, including the use of gloves and gowns.

Incorrect choices:

b. Droplet precautions are not necessary for a draining wound infection unless there is evidence of concurrent respiratory infection or the wound is contaminated with respiratory secretions.

c. Airborne precautions are not needed for a draining wound infection unless there is evidence of airborne pathogens present in the wound.

d. Standard precautions should always be followed, but additional precautions specific to the mode of transmission (in this case, contact precautions) are necessary when dealing with infectious wounds.