Endocrine System
Endocrine System ( 5 Questions)
A nurse is caring for a client who has a wound infection. The nurse knows that aging affects the immune system in which of the following ways?
Aging affects the immune system in several ways, such as:.
• The immune system becomes less able to distinguish self from nonself, which increases the risk of autoimmune disorders.
• Macrophages, which ingest bacteria and other foreign cells, destroy them more slowly, which may contribute to the higher incidence of cancer among older people.
• T cells, which remember antigens they have previously encountered, respond less quickly to them. There are also fewer white blood cells capable of responding to new antigens.
• The production of B and T cells in bone marrow and thymus is reduced, which affects the adaptive immunity.
• The function of lymph nodes and spleen is impaired, which reduces the ability to mount an effective immune response.
These changes result in a decreased inflammatory response, which is essential for wound healing. Inflammation helps to clear the infection, recruit immune cells, and promote tissue repair.
Therefore, older people may have slower wound healing due to aging of the immune system.
This is wrong because aging does not increase nerve sensitivity. In fact, nerve endings may deteriorate with age, leading to reduced sensation and pain perception.
This is wrong because aging does not decrease platelet aggregation. is wrong because aging does not increase blood flow. Blood flow may decrease with age due to various factors, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Reduced blood flow may impair wound healing by limiting oxygen and nutrient delivery to the injured tissue.Platelets are blood cells that help with clotting and prevent bleeding. Platelet function may be altered by aging, but not necessarily reduced.
This is wrong because aging does not increase blood flow. Blood flow may decrease with age due to various factors, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Reduced blood flow may impair wound healing by limiting oxygen and nutrient delivery to the injured tissue.
The correct answer is A.
“Your wound may take longer to heal because of decreased inflammatory response.” Aging affects the immune system in several ways, such as:.
• The immune system becomes less able to distinguish self from nonself, which increases the risk of autoimmune disorders.
• Macrophages, which ingest bacteria and other foreign cells, destroy them more slowly, which may contribute to the higher incidence of cancer among older people.
• T cells, which remember antigens they have previously encountered, respond less quickly to them. There are also fewer white blood cells capable of responding to new antigens.
• The production of B and T cells in bone marrow and thymus is reduced, which affects the adaptive immunity.
• The function of lymph nodes and spleen is impaired, which reduces the ability to mount an effective immune response.
These changes result in a decreased inflammatory response, which is essential for wound healing. Inflammation helps to clear the infection, recruit immune cells, and promote tissue repair.
Therefore, older people may have slower wound healing due to aging of the immune system.
Choice B is wrong because aging does not increase nerve sensitivity. In fact, nerve endings may deteriorate with age, leading to reduced sensation and pain perception.
Choice C is wrong because aging does not decrease platelet aggregation.
Platelets are blood cells that help with clotting and prevent bleeding. Platelet function may be altered by aging, but not necessarily reduced.
Choice D is wrong because aging does not increase blood flow. Blood flow may decrease with age due to various factors, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Reduced blood flow may impair wound healing by limiting oxygen and nutrient delivery to the injured tissue.