More questions on the topic
More questions on the topic ( 26 Questions)
A nurse is planning care for a patient who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is experiencing dyspnea at rest. Which of the following interventions should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.).
Positioning the patient in high Fowler's position. This is a correct intervention because it allows for optimal chest expansion and lung ventilation, reducing dyspnea and work of breathing.
Encouraging deep breathing and coughing exercises. This is an incorrect intervention because it may increase dyspnea and fatigue in a patient with COPD who already has difficulty breathing. Instead, the nurse should teach pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing techniques to improve gas exchange and reduce air trapping.
Administering bronchodilators and corticosteroids as ordered. This is a correct intervention because these medications help to relax the smooth muscles of the airways, reduce inflammation, and improve airflow in a patient with COPD.
Providing supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula as ordered. This is a correct intervention because oxygen therapy helps to correct hypoxemia, reduce pulmonary hypertension, and improve exercise tolerance and quality of life in a patient with COPD. The nurse should monitor the oxygen saturation and adjust the flow rate according to the prescription and the patient's response.
Restricting fluid intake to prevent fluid overload. This is an incorrect intervention because fluid restriction is not indicated for a patient with COPD unless there is evidence of heart failure or renal impairment. Adequate hydration helps to thin the secretions and facilitate expectoration in a patient with COPD. The nurse should encourage oral fluids unless contraindicated and monitor the fluid balance and electrolytes of the patient.
Choice A:
Positioning the patient in high Fowler's position. This is a correct intervention because it allows for optimal chest expansion and lung ventilation, reducing dyspnea and work of breathing.
Choice B:
Encouraging deep breathing and coughing exercises. This is an incorrect intervention because it may increase dyspnea and fatigue in a patient with COPD who already has difficulty breathing. Instead, the nurse should teach pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing techniques to improve gas exchange and reduce air trapping.
Choice C:
Administering bronchodilators and corticosteroids as ordered. This is a correct intervention because these medications help to relax the smooth muscles of the airways, reduce inflammation, and improve airflow in a patient with COPD.
Choice D:
Providing supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula as ordered. This is a correct intervention because oxygen therapy helps to correct hypoxemia, reduce pulmonary hypertension, and improve exercise tolerance and quality of life in a patient with COPD. The nurse should monitor the oxygen saturation and adjust the flow rate according to the prescription and the patient's response.
Choice E:
Restricting fluid intake to prevent fluid overload. This is an incorrect intervention because fluid restriction is not indicated for a patient with COPD unless there is evidence of heart failure or renal impairment. Adequate hydration helps to thin the secretions and facilitate expectoration in a patient with COPD. The nurse should encourage oral fluids unless contraindicated and monitor the fluid balance and electrolytes of the patient.