The correct answer is B.

Instruct the client to tuck their chin when swallowing.

This action helps to prevent aspiration by closing off the airway and directing food and liquid into the esophagus. It also reduces the risk of food getting stuck in the throat or chest .

Choice A is wrong because thin liquids are more difficult to swallow and control for clients who have dysphagia due to decreased esophageal motility. They can easily enter the airway and cause choking or pneumonia .

Choice C is wrong because hot or spicy foods can irritate the esophagus and worsen the symptoms of dysphagia. They can also trigger reflux, which can damage the esophageal lining and cause narrowing or inflammation .

Choice D is wrong because elevating the head of the bed to 30 degrees during meals is not enough to prevent aspiration or regurgitation. The client should be sitting upright at 90 degrees or higher to facilitate swallowing and gravity .

Normal ranges for esophageal motility are:.

• Lower esophageal sphincter pressure: 10 to 45 mm Hg.

• Peristaltic amplitude: 30 to 180 mm Hg.

• Peristaltic duration: 2.5 to 6 seconds.

• Peristaltic velocity: 2 to 4.5 cm/s .