Risk Factors
Risk Factors ( 5 Questions)
A client with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) asks the nurse about the potential impact on her pregnancy.
The nurse explains that PCOS is a risk factor for:.
PCOS is not a risk factor for gestational hypertension, which is a sudden increase in blood pressure after the 20th week of pregnancy. Gestational hypertension can lead to preeclampsia, which can affect the mother’s kidneys, liver, and brain. PCOS may increase the risk of preeclampsia, but not directly of gestational hypertension.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects the ovaries and hormones, and is associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which is a type of diabetes that only pregnant women get. Women with PCOS are more likely to have insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, which are risk factors for GDM. GDM can cause complications for both the mother and the baby, such as preeclampsia, large for gestational age baby, cesarean delivery, low blood sugar, and breathing problems
PCOS is not a risk factor for preterm labor, which is the delivery of the baby before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Preterm labor can cause health problems for the baby, such as breathing difficulties, bleeding in the brain, and infections. PCOS may increase the risk of preterm delivery due to other complications, such as preeclampsia or GDM, but not directly of preterm labor.
PCOS is not a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy, which is when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancy can cause severe pain and bleeding, and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. PCOS may affect the ovulation and fertility of women, but it does not increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
The correct answer is choice B. Gestational diabetes. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects the ovaries and hormones, and is associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which is a type of diabetes that only pregnant women get. Women with PCOS are more likely to have insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, which are risk factors for GDM. GDM can cause complications for both the mother and the baby, such as preeclampsia, large for gestational age baby, cesarean delivery, low blood sugar, and breathing problems.
Choice A is wrong because PCOS is not a risk factor for gestational hypertension, which is a sudden increase in blood pressure after the 20th week of pregnancy. Gestational hypertension can lead to preeclampsia, which can affect the mother’s kidneys, liver, and brain. PCOS may increase the risk of preeclampsia, but not directly of gestational hypertension.
Choice C is wrong because PCOS is not a risk factor for preterm labor, which is the delivery of the baby before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Preterm labor can cause health problems for the baby, such as breathing difficulties, bleeding in the brain, and infections. PCOS may increase the risk of preterm delivery due to other complications, such as preeclampsia or GDM, but not directly of preterm labor.
Choice D is wrong because PCOS is not a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy, which is when the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. Ectopic pregnancy can cause severe pain and bleeding, and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. PCOS may affect the ovulation and fertility of women, but it does not increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy.
Normal ranges for blood glucose levels during pregnancy are:
• Fasting: less than 95 mg/dL
• One hour after meal: less than 140 mg/dL
• Two hours after meal: less than 120 mg/dL