The correct answer is choice D. Previous history of gestational diabetes. This is because having gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy increases the risk of developing it again in a subsequent pregnancy. According to the CDC, about 50% of women with gestational diabetes go on to develop type 2 diabetes later in life.

Choice A is wrong because advanced maternal age is not a primary risk factor for gestational diabetes, although it may increase the risk slightly. 

Choice B is wrong because family history of diabetes is not a primary risk factor for gestational diabetes, although it may indicate a genetic predisposition to insulin resistance. 

Choice C is wrong because smoking during pregnancy is not a primary risk factor for gestational diabetes, although it may have other adverse effects on the mother and the baby.

Some of the other risk factors for gestational diabetes include obesity, hormonal changes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and pregnancy over 30 years of age. Gestational diabetes can cause complications such as high blood pressure, preeclampsia, large birth weight, premature delivery, respiratory distress syndrome, and low blood sugar in the baby. Gestational diabetes can be managed with a healthy diet, exercise, and medication if needed.