Neuroinflammation: Multiple sclerosis; Meningitis; Guillain-Barré syndrome

Neuroinflammation: Multiple sclerosis; Meningitis; Guillain-Barré syndrome ( 4 Questions)

A nurse is caring for a client who has meningitis. The client reports severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to relieve the client's symptoms?


Correct Answer: D

Choice A reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Administering analgesics and antiemetics as prescribed is not an effective intervention to relieve the client's symptoms of headache, nausea, and vomiting due to meningitis. Analgesics and antiemetics can have adverse effects such as sedation, hypotension, or constipation, which can worsen the client's condition or mask signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should use non-pharmacological methods to relieve the client's symptoms and monitor their vital signs and neurological status.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Elevating the head of the bed to 45 degrees is not an effective intervention to relieve the client's symptoms of headache, nausea, and vomiting due to meningitis. Elevating the head of the bed can increase ICP by reducing venous drainage from the brain, which can worsen the client's condition or cause complications such as herniation or hydrocephalus. The nurse should keep the head of the bed flat or slightly elevated and avoid neck flexion or rotation.

Choice C reason:

This is an incorrect answer. Applying a cold compress to the forehead is not an effective intervention to relieve the client's symptoms of headache, nausea, and vomiting due to meningitis. A cold compress can cause vasoconstriction and reduce blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, which can worsen the client's condition or cause ischemia or infarction. The nurse should avoid applying cold or heat to the head and maintain a normal body temperature for the client.

Choice D reason:

This is a correct answer. Dimming the lights and reducing noise in the room is an effective intervention to relieve the client's symptoms of headache, nausea, and vomiting due to meningitis. Dimming the lights and reducing noise can decrease sensory stimulation and irritation of the optic nerve or cranial nerves that control the pupillary reflex by the inflamed meninges. The nurse should also provide a quiet and calm environment for the client and limit visitors and activities.




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